ACC in Neuroticism and Social Cognition

描述（由申请人提供）：人格理论长期以来一直试图使用自我报告量表，旨在索引假设的神经反应性个体差异，以预测认知，行为和情感。随着功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）的出现，现在有可能比我们以前用人格量表更直接地量化这些差异。我们提供了来自精神疾病、神经生理学和计算神经科学的证据，这些证据共同表明，前扣带皮层（ACC）可能在神经质和与神经质概念相关的社会认知结果中发挥重要作用。使用社会认知神经科学方法（Lieberman, 2000; Ochsner & Lieberman, 2001），我们建议研究ACC反应性的个体差异如何影响社会认知，以及社会因素如何反过来影响ACC反应性。我们假设具有高反应性ACC的个体将参与更多以自我为中心的加工，社会比较和自我怀疑，这些共同导致较低的自我感知地位。此外，我们假设社会威胁会增加ACC反应性，而积极的社会接触会降低ACC反应性。最后，我们预测这些社会因素对ACC反应性的影响将在ACC反应性高的个体中比在ACC反应性低的个体中更大。本研究拟通过功能磁共振成像和社会心理学方法相结合的四项实验来验证这些假设，以评估：(1)性格性前扣带皮层反应与觉醒自我意识的关系，(2)性格性前扣带皮层反应与日常日记中自我意识、社会比较和自我怀疑的频率的关系，(3)社会威胁对前扣带皮层反应的影响，以及(4)积极的社会接触对前扣带皮层反应的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Personality theories have long tried to use self-report scales, designed to index hypothesized individual differences in neural reactivity, in order to predict cognition, behavior, and affect. With the advent of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) it is now possible to quantify these differences much more directly than we have been previously able with personality scales. We provide evidence from psychiatric disorders, neurophysiology, and computational neuroscience that together suggest the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) may play an important role in neuroticism and the social cognitive outcomes conceptually associated with neuroticism. Using a social cognitive neuroscience approach (Lieberman, 2000; Ochsner & Lieberman, 2001), we propose to look at the ways in which individual differences in ACC reactivity shape social cognition and how social factors, in turn, can shape ACC reactivity. We hypothesize that individuals with highly reactive ACC's will engage in more self-focused processing, social comparison, and self-doubt which together should lead to lower self-perceived status. Additionally, we hypothesize that social threat increases ACC reactivity while positive social contact decreases ACC reactivity. Finally, we predict that the effect of these social factors on ACC reactivity will be greater for individuals with highly reactive ACC's, compared to those with less reactive ACC's. We propose to test these hypotheses across four experiments combining fMRI and social psychological methodologies to assess: (1) the relation of dispositional ACC reactivity to self-awareness of arousal, (2) the relation of dispositional ACC reactivity to frequency of self-awareness, social comparison, and self-doubt in a daily diary study, (3) the effect of social threat on ACC reactivity, and (4) the effect of positive social contact on ACC reactivity to painful stimulation.