Do fixational eye-movements actively and optimally sample the retinal stimulus? - WCUB, ENWW

注视性眼球运动是在视觉注视期间发生的小眼球运动。它们对于防止视觉刺激的褪色是必要的，因为当刺激通过抵消眼球运动（例如，眼球运动）在视网膜上稳定时，就会报告褪色。Martinez-Conde，Macknik，Troncoso，& Dyar，2006; Riggs，Ratliff，Cornsweet，& Cornsweet，1953）.因此，与直觉相反，需要运动来注视和看到刺激，因为如果没有这些运动，感知世界将不断褪色到无特征的灰色。在我的博士学位中，我想研究注视眼运动如何受到刺激的影响，即刺激的某些性质，如大小，亮度和形状，与观察者的个体感光器马赛克有关，改变注视眼球运动的模式。已知注视眼动在不同条件下显示质的差异（例如，Ditchburn & Ginsborg，1953），但不知道是什么驱动这一点。本计画将使用一个自适应光学扫描雷射检眼镜（AOSLO），以单一视锥解析度撷取固视时的眼球运动，并将其参考至光感受器镶嵌图。不像其他目前的研究注视眼球运动，这在很大程度上集中在注意力的影响，我感兴趣的是测试是否注视眼球运动适应刺激和刺激的方式是由个人的感光马赛克采样，这是唯一的个人的指纹。该项目认为视觉是一个主动的过程，其中眼睛的运动是视觉感觉的基本组成部分（Findlay & Gilchrist，2003）。BBSRC优先领域：生物科学、脑科学和心理健康的技术开发

Fixational eye movements are small eye movements that occur during visual fixation. They are necessary to prevent fading of a visual stimulus, as fading is reported when a stimulus is stabilised on the retina by counteracting eye movements (eg. Martinez-Conde, Macknik, Troncoso, & Dyar, 2006; Riggs, Ratliff, Cornsweet, & Cornsweet, 1953). Thus, counterintuitively, movement is required to fixate on and see stimuli, as without these movements the perceptual world would continually fade to a featureless grey.In my DPhil I want to investigate how fixational eye movements are influenced by the stimulus, i.e. whether certain qualities of the stimulus, such as size, luminance and shape, in relation to the individual photoreceptor mosaic of the observer, change the patterns of fixational eye movements. Fixational eye movements are known to display qualitative differences in different conditions (eg. Ditchburn & Ginsborg, 1953), but it is not known what drives this. This project will use an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) to extract fixational eye movements at single cone resolution and reference them to the photoreceptor mosaic. Unlike other current research into fixational eye movements, which is largely focussed on attentional effects, I am interested in testing whether fixational eye movements adapt to the stimulus and to the way in which that stimulus is sampled by the individual's photoreceptor mosaic, which is as unique as an individual's fingerprint. This project considers vision as an active process, whereby the movement of the eyes is a fundamental part of visual sensation (Findlay & Gilchrist, 2003).BBSRC Priority Areas: Technology development for the biosciences, Brain Science and Mental Health