Cost effectiveness of poultry vaccination for control of H9N2 avian influenza in Pakistan

H9N2在巴基斯坦的家禽中流行，过去16年来一直采用疫苗来减少生产损失。该病毒仍然是地方性的，疫苗接种规划面临许多技术挑战，包括选择最佳疫苗病毒株以适应共同传播的病毒变体的多样性，以及在疾病更普遍的地方，关于基于风险的有针对性的疫苗接种的战略问题。这个博士研究项目与英国、越南和巴基斯坦之间的ZELS研究项目（http://combating-avian-influenza.com/）一起，将解决H9N2疫苗配方与田间变异的系统抗原匹配以及设计新型H9N2病毒载体疫苗和诊断方法的持续需求。拟议的博士项目将以这一框架为基础，调查影响疫苗干预成功或失败的复杂社会经济因素。该项目将开发禽流感疫苗使用以及影响巴基斯坦家禽生产总体经济损失的疾病暴发的规模和频率的模型。这一研究项目的成果将有助于制定疾病控制战略，促进家禽生产的可持续增长。减少与疾病有关的损失将直接改善家禽养殖社区的社会经济福利。该项目将在人畜共患病和新兴牲畜系统（ZELS）项目的更大框架内进行，该项目旨在开发适合越南和巴基斯坦流行变种的新型H5和H9流感疫苗。

H9N2 is endemic in poultry in Pakistan and for the last 16 years vaccines have been employed to reduce production losses. The virus remains endemic and vaccination programmes face numerous technical challenges, including optimal vaccine virus strain selection to accommodate the diversity of co-circulating virus variants, and strategic questions regarding risk-based targeted vaccination where disease is more prevalent.This PhD research project companion the ZELS research programme between UK, Vietnam and Pakistan (http://combating-avian-influenza.com/) will address ongoing needs for systematic antigenic matching of H9N2 vaccine formulations to field variants, and design of novel H9N2 viral vectored vaccines and diagnostics. The proposed PhD project will build on this framework to investigate the complex socio-economic factors that contribute to the success or failure of vaccine interventions.The project will develop models on AIV vaccine use and the scale and frequency of disease outbreaks inflecting overall economic losses in poultry production in Pakistan. The outcome of this research project will help to develop disease control strategies for sustainable growth of poultry production. Reduction in disease-related loses will directly improve socio-economic wellbeing of poultry farming communities.The project will be conducted within the larger framework of a Zoonoses and Emerging Livestock Systems (ZELS) project, which aims to develop novel H5 and H9 influenza vaccines tailored to the circulating variants in Vietnam and Pakistan.