"Policing the zone of exception: female favela residents' experiences of police violence in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

该项目是2016年进行的研究的延伸，我的硕士论文（剑桥大学发展研究中心）就是基于该研究。通过这项工作的进一步发展，我寻求获得更深入的了解警察暴力的社会经济和政治上被边缘化的妇女在里约热内卢，Brazil.ContextThe警察暴力对边缘化的社会群体的问题所经历的性别表现形式目前受到前所未有的全球关注的公共和学术领域内。从芝加哥到约翰内斯堡再到圣保罗，少数民族经常被国家杀害和监禁，在许多人看来，这是相对合法的（Wacquant，2008年）。受害者的情况在各种情况下基本上保持一致：社会经济背景较低的年轻黑人男子。国际特赦组织（Amnesty International，2015）指出，在里约热内卢，99.5%被警察杀害的人是男性，70%是黑人，75%的人年龄在15至29岁之间。因此，研究压倒性地集中在男性的致命的国家暴力的经验，很少考虑的替代形式的警察暴力所忍受的women.Research ObservationsThe 25我以前进行的采访揭示了常规但沉默的做法，性，言语和身体虐待的年轻女性贫民窟居民的宪兵人员。我现在希望进一步探讨妇女在边缘化社区中居住和经历国家暴力的方式。我的主要目标是探讨女性贫民窟居民如何看待警察对妇女的暴力形式，重点是她们对应得性、可预测性和合法性的理解。第二个研究问题将评估这些观念如何塑造贫民窟女性居民的行为，包括与安全和保护有关的空间和做法，这些研究问题在学术领域内外都很重要。研究结果有可能影响政策和公众对目前受到重大审查的问题的理解。随着Black Lives Matter运动的迅速扩大，研究警察对边缘化妇女的暴力行为的复杂性质具有根本的重要性。就学术意义而言，本研究将填补警察暴力研究的空白。

This project is an extension of research conducted in 2016, on which my MPhil dissertation (Centre of Development Studies, University of Cambridge) is based. Through further development of this work, I seek to gain a deeper understanding of the gendered manifestations of police violence experienced by socio-economically and politically marginalised women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.ContextThe issue of police violence towards marginalised social groups is currently subject to an unprecedented level of global attention within the public and academic spheres. From Chicago to Johannesburg to Sao Paulo, minorities are routinely being killed and incarcerated by the state, with relative legitimacy in the eyes of many (Wacquant, 2008). The profile of victims remains largely consistent across contexts: young, black men from low socio-economic backgrounds. As Amnesty International (2015) highlights, in the case of Rio de Janeiro 99.5% of those killed by the police are male, 70% are black, and 75% are aged between 15 and 29. Accordingly, research has overwhelmingly focussed on the male experience of lethal state violence, with little consideration of the alternative forms of police violence endured by women.Research QuestionsThe 25 interviews I previously conducted shed light on the routine yet silenced practices of sexual, verbal and physical abuse of young female favela residents by military police officers. I now wish to further explore the ways in which women inhabit and experience state violence within marginalised communities. My principal goal is to explore how female favela residents perceive the forms of violence directed at women by police officers, with emphasis on their understandings of deservingness, predictability, and legitimacy. A secondary research question will assess the ways in which these perceptions shape female favela residents' behaviours, including the spaces and practices they associate with safety and protection.These research questions hold importance in the academic sphere and beyond. The research findings have the potential to influence policy and public understanding of an issue that is currently under significant scrutiny. With the Black Lives Matter movement rapidly expanding, research into the complex nature of police violence towards marginalised women is of fundamental importance. In terms of academic significance, this research will serve to bridge a significant gap in the literature concerning police violence.