Youth conflict-related trauma through generations: an ethnography on the relationship between health and society in post-conflict Northern Ireland

该项目旨在分析冲突后的北爱尔兰环境与贫困地区青年创伤之间的关系。使用人类学的视角和方法，该研究希望调查社会文化视角对当前该领域研究的可能贡献，特别关注跨代创伤的作用。认识到社会经济决定因素对健康的作用通常是社会研究人员面临的一项挑战。在冲突后的北爱尔兰，关于社会背景和青年创伤之间联系的研究总体上缺乏，这为本项目开辟了道路。关于精神障碍的社会影响的人类学研究在许多社会取得了令人印象深刻的成果；他们表明，忍受和贫穷的条件不是固有的，而是历史过程和事件的产物（Farmer 2003: 130）。暴力的连续性（Scheper-Hughes and Bourgois 2004）和受害者政治（Fassin and Rechtman 2009）维持了贫困地区沉默和恐惧的文化（Taussig 2004）；这意味着有必要调查潜藏在精神痛苦扩散背后的结构性和象征性暴力（Farmer 2004; Bourdieu and Wacquant 2004）。该项目将参考医学人类学中的这些概念，以便研究创伤与社会、政治和经济结构之间的联系。因此，该研究将考虑贫穷、失业、社会不平等、性别和阶级观点等因素。与此同时，该项目将对青年和创伤等类别提出问题。自1980年“发明”创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）以来，“创伤”一词目前在社会科学领域备受争议（Summerfield, 2001）。目前对其临床概念的批评（Good， DelVecchio-Good和Grayman 2015； Young 1995）表明创伤主要是作为过去的记忆来分析的。相反，医学人类学研究侧重于对社会及其结构的更广泛视角；考虑到目前还没有针对北爱尔兰的这类研究，这将是研究青少年创伤的一种新颖而新颖的方法。

This project aims to analyse the relationship between the post-conflict Northern Irish environment and youth trauma in deprived areas. Using an anthropological perspective and methodology, the study wants to investigate the possible contribution that a socio-cultural perspective can give to the current research on the field, with a special focus on the role of transgenerational trauma.The recognition of the role that socio-economic determinants have on health is usually a challenge for social researchers. In post-conflict Northern Ireland, the overall lack of research about connections between the social context and youth trauma opens the way to the present project. Anthropological studies on social implications of mental disorders have achieved impressive results in many societies; they show how conditions of sufferance and poverty are not intrinsically given, but are the products of historical processes and events (Farmer 2003: 130). The continuum of violence (Scheper-Hughes and Bourgois 2004) and the politics of victimhood (Fassin and Rechtman 2009) sustains a culture of silence and fear in deprived areas (Taussig 2004); this implies the need of investigating the structural and symbolic violence (Farmer 2004; Bourdieu and Wacquant 2004) that lies behind the diffusion of mental suffering. The project would refer to these concepts from Medical Anthropology in order to look at connections between trauma and social, political and economic structures. Accordingly, the study will consider factors such as poverty, unemployment, social inequality and gender and class perspectives. At the same time, the project will problematise categories such as youth and trauma. 'Trauma' is currently debated within the social sciences since the 'invention' of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in 1980 (Summerfield, 2001). Current critics made to its clinical conception (Good, DelVecchio-Good and Grayman 2015; Young 1995) show how trauma has been mainly analysed as a memory of the past. On the contrary, medical anthropological research focuses on wider perspectives on society and its structures; this would be a new and original approach to the study of youth trauma considering that, at this stage, there is no research of this kind regarding Northern Ireland.