Atmospheric Rivers and the Land Surface: drivers of extreme floods.

这一案例支持的学生项目旨在提高我们对极端洪水发生的了解，并将这些知识纳入英国洪水预报工具和更长期的评估中，以改善洪水准备。具体地说，该项目试图从普遍的大气条件和集水区特征的影响两个方面了解冬季洪水的产生。该项目将使用世界上可用的一些最长的气象和水文数据集。洪水是英国的主要自然灾害。大气河流(AR)是温带气旋中强烈水汽输送的窄带，可以在英国西部和北部造成一些最大的冬季洪水，但并不是每一次AR都会导致洪水，一些冬季洪水发生时没有AR。该项目旨在确定原因，并将结果应用于可操作的洪水预报工具。培训机会：培训将在雷丁大学、ECMWF(雷丁)和环境局(布里斯托尔)之间进行。将提供气象和水文数据分析、方案编制、地理信息系统高级使用和统计建模方面的培训。学生将有机会参观研究地点，并将成为大学、欧洲环境保护与发展委员会和环境局环境科学家大型社区的一部分。

This CASE-supported studentship aims to improve our understanding of extreme flood occurrence and to incorporate this knowledge into UK flood forecast tools and longer-term assessments to improve flood preparedness. Specifically, the project seeks to understand winter flood generation both in terms of the prevailing atmospheric conditions and the influence of catchment characteristics. The project will use some of the longest meteorological and hydrological datasets available in the World.Flooding is the major UK natural hazard. Atmospheric rivers (ARs), narrow bands of intense water vapour transport in extratropical cyclones can cause some of the biggest winter floods in western and northern Britain, yet not every AR causes a flood and some winter floods occur without an AR present. This project aims to determine why, and put the findings into operational flood forecast tools.Training opportunities: The training will be split between the University of Reading, ECMWF (Reading) and the Environment Agency (Bristol). Training will be given in meteorological and hydrological data analysis, programming, advanced use of Geographical Information Systems and statistical modelling. There will be opportunities to visit the study sites and the student will be part of a large community of environmental scientists at the University, ECMWFand the Environment Agency.