RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

这一建议侧重于两个方面的关系： 青少年和年轻人的物质使用和性行为。第一 涉及到评估在多大程度上使用 大麻、可卡因和酒精等物质以及 性行为是有原因的。也就是说，大麻、可卡因和 酒精导致年轻人在更早的年龄开始性行为， 在过去的一个月或一年中更有可能发生性行为， 不太可能使用避孕套或其他节育方法， 更多的性伴侣。或者有过意外怀孕的经历？第二 涉及对州和地方政策的影响的调查， 尝试减少对刚才提到的结果和对 性传播疾病的发病率，包括获得性传播疾病 免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病)。这些策略变量的示例包括 可卡因和大麻的价格(取决于分配给 刑事司法)，对使用这些物质的人处以 持有量、预防毒品的公共支出、酒类价格( 取决于征税的税率)和与酒精有关的法规 销售、广告和服务器责任。五个一个人级别的面板，一个 对不同青少年进行的个人层面调查，历时五年，两年 将使用州或城市横截面的时间序列：原始 全国青年纵向调查(NLSY)，青年抽样调查 NLSY，新的NLSY97,1988年国民教育纵向研究(NELS88)， 全国青少年健康纵向研究(ADD Health)，青少年 风险行为调查(YRBS)和来自疾病中心的两个数据系列 美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)性传播疾病监测 报告制度。需要解决的一些具体问题包括：什么是 大麻、可卡因和酒精的使用对多种指标的影响 多变量获得这些影响时的性行为和危险性行为 统计程序，如工具变量和固定效应， 解释反向因果关系和不可测量的变量‘？这些影响是如何产生的 性别、种族和年龄不同(青少年与年轻人)？什么是 非法药物和酒精调节变量对性行为的影响， 危险性行为以及艾滋病、衣原体和淋病的发病率？

This proposal focuses on two aspects of the relationship between substance use and sexual behavior among teenagers and young adults. The first involves evaluating the extent to which the relationship between the use of such substances as marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol and various aspects of sexual behavior are causal. That is, does the use, of marijuana, cocaine and alcohol cause young people to initiate sexual intercourse at an earlier age, to be more likely to engage in sexual intercourse in the past month or past year, to be less likely to use condoms or other methods of birth control, to have had more sexual partners. or to have experienced an unplanned pregnancy? The second involves an investigation of the effects of state and local policies that attempt to reduce substance use on the outcomes just mentioned and on the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Examples of these policy variables are the prices of cocaine and marijuana (which depend on resources allocated to criminal justice), penalties imposed on users of these substances for possession, public spending for drug prevention, the price of alcohol (which depends on the rate at which it is taxed), and statutes pertaining to alcohol sales, advertising, and server liability. Five one individual-level panels, one individual-level survey of different teenagers pooled over five years, and two time series of state or city cross sections will be employed: the original National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), the young adult sample of the NLSY, the new NLSY97, National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS88), the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), and two data series from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance Reporting System. Some specific questions to be addressed include: What are the effects of marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol use on a variety of indicators of sexual behavior and risky sex when these effects are obtained by multivariate statistical procedures such as instrumental variables and fixed effects that account for reverse causality and unmeasured variables'? How do these effects differ by gender, race, and age (teenagers versus young adults)? What are the effects of illegal drug and alcohol regulatory variables on sexual behavior, risky sex, and incidence rates of AIDS, chlamydia, and gonorrhea?