Increasing Non-Motorized Travel to School

描述(由申请人提供)： 在过去的20年里，儿童的超重和久坐行为显著增加。增加儿童体力活动水平的努力只取得了一定的成功。该提案描述了一项试验性研究，旨在获得必要的初步数据和经验，以制定全面试验的干预方案。这项试点研究将比较通过非机动化旅行(NMT)增加儿童上学旅行(NMT)的两种方法的可行性：使用步行上学活动的全校行为/教育模式和同时组织学校-社区联盟以促进环境变化(EI)的步行上学运动。主要目标是：(1)观察行为/教育干预(WTSI)对五年级学生非机动化(NM)往返学校行程的影响，(2)观察行为/教育干预加上学校-社区联盟的效果，该联盟将侧重于创建环境干预(EI)以增加NM往返学校的行程。这项研究将采用参与式行动研究方法，由经验丰富的多学科团队执行。将从参加心血管健康计划的县招募两所学校。心血管健康计划是北卡罗来纳州卫生部和当地卫生部门的合作项目，旨在实施身体活动和营养政策以及环境变化。学校将在规模、符合非巴士条件的百分比、建筑年龄、少数族裔学生的百分比以及营养补贴计划的百分比上进行匹配。这项研究的主要结果是非机动化往返学校的旅行(通过前一天的体力活动召回来衡量)，以及总体体力活动(加速计)增加的次要结果，最终降低了项目参与者的超重水平。另一个次要目标是评估从儿童和家长那里获得的NMT对学校的心理社会、行为和环境决定因素的作用。横断面设计将在基线、一年和两年时间点测量连续的五年级学生组。如果结果表明在这些试点学校增加NMT是可行的，我们将利用这些结果来制定一项关于增加儿童积极上学的全面建议。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Overweight and sedentary behaviors among children have increased significantly over the past 20 years. Efforts to increase children's physical activity levels have been only moderately successful. This proposal describes a pilot study designed to acquire necessary preliminary data and experience to develop an intervention protocol for a full-scale trial. This pilot study will compare the feasibility of two approaches to increasing children's travel to school by non-motorized travel (NMT): a school-wide behavioral/educational model using the Walk to School campaign versus the use of the Walk to School campaign while concurrently organizing a school-community coalition to facilitate environmental change (EI). Primary Aims are: (1) To observe the effects of a behavioral/educational intervention (WTSI) on the non-motorized (NM) trips to/from school by 5th grade students, and (2) To observe the effects of a behavioral/educational intervention plus a school-community coalition that will focus on creating environmental interventions (EI) to increase NM trips to/from school. The study will use participatory action research approaches, executed by an experienced multi-disciplinary team. Two schools will be recruited from counties participating in the Cardiovascular Health Program, a cooperative venture between the NC Department of Health and local health departments to effect physical activity and nutrition policy and environment changes. Schools will be matched on size, % non-bus eligible, building age, % minority students, and % subsidized nutrition program. The primary outcome of this study is non-motorized trip "counts" to/from school (as measured by the Previous Day Physical Activity Recall), with secondary outcomes of increased total physical activity (accelerometers) and, ultimately, decreased levels of overweight among program participants. An additional secondary aim is to assess the role of psychosocial, behavioral and environmental determinants of NMT to school obtained from children and parents. A cross-sectional design will measure successive groups of 5th graders at baseline, 1- year and 2- year time points. If results suggest that it is feasible to increase NMT in these pilot schools, we will use these results to develop a full-scale proposal on increasing children's active travel to school.