PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIOR CHANGE AMONG WIC MOTHERS

这项研究与长期目标一致，即通过改变久坐生活风险人群的身体活动（PA）行为来降低疾病风险。人群是参加WIC营养计划的低收入母亲。理论框架以行为改变的跨理论模型和社会认知理论为基础。经过两次预备研究后，将进行护士指导干预的试点测试。具体的目的是：a)看看是否有假设方向的趋势，b)确定效应大小（对于更大的临床试验），在WIC母亲中，PA行为改变干预对行为、社会和认知结果的影响。中试采用准实验非等效组设计，系统随机抽样（N=80）。两个WIC项目将被随机分配：1)一个护士指导的行为改变干预和两周一次的电话提示（8周）；2)控制（自我乳房检查咨询）。因变量包括：行为改变的阶段和过程、PA行为、社会和认知概念（即社会支持、自我效能、PA的感知利益和障碍）。这五个假设是，咨询后十周。1)实验组（EX）比对照组(C)更早进入PA行为改变阶段。2) EX组的PA行为大于C组。3) EX组和C组的被试在行为改变的不同阶段使用行为改变的十个过程是不同的。4) EX组比C组报告的社会和认知因素改善更多。S)社会和认知因素的改善与PA行为改变阶段的进展有关。数据将使用残差变化分数和事后比较的方差分析统计检验进行分析。培训和研究的结果是为博士后研究做准备。

This research is consistent with a long-term objective of disease risk-reduction through physical activity (PA) behavior change in populations at risk from sedentary living. The population is low-income mothers enrolled in the WIC nutrition program. The theoretical framework is based on the Transtheoretical Model of behavior change and Social Cognitive theory. After two preparatory studies, a pilot-test of a nurse-counseled intervention will take place. The specific aims are: a) to see if there are trends in the hypothesized direction, and b) to identify the effect size (for a larger clinical trial), associated with a PA behavior change intervention on behavioral, social and cognitive outcomes among WIC mothers. The pilot-test uses a quasi experimental nonequivalent groups design with a systematic random sample (N=80). Two WIC programs will be randomly assigned to: 1) a nurse-counseled behavior change intervention and biweekly phone prompts (8 weeks); or, 2) control (counseling on self-breast exam). Dependent variables include: stages and processes of behavior change, PA behavior, and both social and cognitive concepts (i.e., social support, self-efficacy, and perceived benefits and barriers to PA). The five hypotheses are, ten weeks post-counseling. 1) The experimental (EX) group will advance in stage of PA behavior change more than the control (C) group. 2) The EX group will have greater PA behavior than the C group. 3) Subjects in both EX and C groups will use the ten processes of behavior change differently across the stages of behavior change. 4) The EX group will report improved social and cognitive factors more than the C group. S) Improved social and cognitive factors will be associated with advancement in stage of PA behavior change. Data will be analyzed using residualized change scores and the ANOVA statistical test with post hoc comparisons. The outcome of the proposed training and research is preparation for post-doctoral research.