Nutrition, Immunity & Health Status of Elderly Ecuadora*

描述(申请人提供)这项研究将主要在厄瓜多尔进行，作为NIA拨款1 R01 AG13975的延伸，1997年5月至2003年4月，“维生素E与老年人的感染”。家长补助金的总体目标是确定营养素在老年人免疫反应和抵抗传染病方面的作用。具体地说，目标包括评估补充维生素E一年的效果：1)呼吸道感染(RI)发生率、总患病天数和抗生素使用；2)体内和体外细胞介导和体液免疫反应指数；3)其他感染发生率、住院、转到熟练疗养院设施和死亡。我们打算通过确定厄瓜多尔老年人的营养状况、免疫反应和健康状况之间的关系来扩大这笔赠款的目标。在这样做的过程中，我们将部分利用美国国立卫生研究院相关拨款的基础设施，1R01HD 38327-01A1，“维生素A和锌：预防肺炎(VAZPOP)研究”，2000年1月至2004年12月。后一个项目正在研究维生素A和/或锌在预防厄瓜多尔营养不良儿童肺炎和腹泻疾病方面的潜在益处。在发达国家和发展中国家，老年人的数量都在增加。与年龄相关的生理、心理、社会和经济变化对老年人的营养和免疫状况产生不利影响。这些变化往往反映在健康状况不佳和生活质量下降上。感染，特别是呼吸道感染，在老年人中很普遍，极大地促进了他们的发病率和死亡率以及相关的卫生保健费用。补充微量营养素被认为是一种经济有效的干预措施，可以改善老年人的免疫反应，降低发病率和死亡率。由于厄瓜多尔等发展中国家营养不良和传染病的发病率较高，在这些国家可以更有效地确定营养、免疫反应和传染病之间的相互作用。这些信息对发展中国家非常有价值，因为尽管这些国家的老年人人数不断增加，但人们对其老年人的营养和免疫状况及其对老年人健康的影响知之甚少。因此，这项建议的具体目的是确定居住在VAZPOP研究区(贫穷的西北郊)基多的老年人口的营养、免疫和健康状况。营养状况将通过获得膳食摄入量、选定的营养分析和人体测量学测量来评估。免疫状态将通过迟发型超敏反应皮肤试验(DTH)、细胞图谱和全血分析来确定淋巴细胞增殖和选定的细胞因子产生。健康状况将使用健康问卷来确定。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant)This research will be done primarily in Ecuador as an extension of NIA grant 1 R01 AG13975, May 1997- April 2003 "Vitamin E and Infection in the Elderly." The overall goal of the parent grant is to determine the role of nutrients on immune response and resistance to infectious diseases in the elderly. Specifically, the objectives include evaluations of the effect of one year supplementation with vitamin E on: 1) incidence of respiratory infections (RI), total number of sick days, and antibiotic use, 2) in vivo and in vitro indices of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses, and 3) incidence of other infections, hospitalization, transfer to skilled nursing home facilities, and death. We intend to expand the goals of this grant by determining the relationship between nutritional status, immune response and health status in Ecuadorian elderly. In so doing, we will in part utilize the infrastructure of a related NIH grant, 1 R01HD 38327-0 1 A1, "Vitamin A and Zinc: Prevention of Pneumonia (VAZPOP) Study, Jan 2000-Dec 2004. This latter project is studying the potential benefits of vitamin A and/or zinc for the prevention of pneumonia and diarrheal diseases in malnourished children in Ecuador. The number of elderly is increasing both in developed and developing countries. Age-associated physiological, psychological, social, and economic changes adversely affect the nutritional and immunological status of older individuals. These changes are often reflected in poor health and a reduced quality of life. Infections, particularly respiratory infections, are prevalent in the elderly, and contribute significantly to their morbidity and mortality as well as to the associated costs of heath care. Micronutrient supplementation has been proposed as a cost-effective intervention to improve immune response and reduce morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Because of the higher prevalence of nutritional deficiencies and infectious diseases in developing countries such as Ecuador, the interaction between nutrition, immune response, and infectious diseases can be more efficaciously determined in these countries. Such information would be of great value to developing countries, because, despite the increasing number of elderly in these countries, very little is known about the nutritional and immunological status of their elderly and their impact on the health of the older population. Thus the specific aim of this proposal is to determine the nutritional, immunological, and health status of the elderly population living in the VAZPOP study area (poor northwestern suburb) of Quito. Nutritional status will be assessed by obtaining dietary intake, selected nutrient analysis, and anthropometrics measurements. Immunological status will be assessed using delayed type hypersensitivity skin test (DTH), cellular profile, and a whole blood assay to determine lymphocyte proliferation and selected cytokine production. Health status will be determined using health questionnaires.