Supported multimetallic nanoparticles containing mixed oxidation states as catalysts

化学品市场要求提高其工艺的产品专用性(降低废品水平)以及加工纯度较低的原料的能力。增加原料灵活性的这些目标，加上产品专用性的增加，构成了巨大的技术挑战。CCI和JM之间的这一合作项目允许获得独特的技术和设备组合，使这一挑战得以解决，因为CCI和JM共同拥有丰富的经验，可以制造具有受控形貌的新型受控含金双金属纳米颗粒结构材料(核-壳/均质合金)。这些协同效应往往使材料表现出较高的催化活性。该项目将扩展这一原理，以开发一种金属处于高氧化态，另一种金属处于低氧化态而不是金属的材料。特别是，该项目的目的是制备负载型金属纳米颗粒，其中金作为氯化物处于低氧化态，或与其他硬、软配体稳定在一起，第二金属(铜、镍)处于高氧化态，并评估其在无机氧化物或活性碳上的负载活性。这些催化剂将在选择性氧化、过氧化氢合成和乙炔盐化反应中进行测试，以深入了解结构与活性的关系，以及稳定这些和类似新材料的方法。目的是开发和利用新的合成程序，以允许控制合成新的纳米颗粒结构，例如由高氧化态金属组成的外壳的合金(金属)核心，或氧化核心周围的低氧化金属外壳，甚至开发具有同心多层外壳的层状纳米材料，其中包含氧化物和金属层。这些新颖的纳米结构将作为催化剂进行表征和评估，并为新一类催化剂的开发奠定基础。

The chemicals market requires increased product specificity (lower levels of waste products) from its processes as well as the ability to process lower purity feedstocks. These aims of increased feedstock flexibility coupled with increased product specificity presents an enormous technical challenge. This collaborative project between the CCI and JM allows access to a unique combination of skills and equipment that enables this challenge to be addressed since together the CCI and JM have extensive experience to make novel and controlled gold containing supported bi-metallic nanoparticle structured materials with controlled morphology (core-shell / homogeneous alloys). These synergistic effects often give materials displaying high catalyst reactivity. This project will extend this principle to develop materials in which one metal is in a high oxidation state and the other in a low oxidation rather than being metallic. In particular, the aim of this project is to prepare supported metal nanoparticles in which gold is in a low oxidation state as a chloride or stabilised with other hard and soft ligands, and the second metal (copper, nickel) are in high oxidation states and to evaluate their activity when supported on inorganic oxides or activated carbon. The catalysts will be tested for selective oxidation, H2O2 synthesis and acetylene hydrochlorination to generate insights into the structure-activity relationships as well as methodologies to stabilise these and similar novel materials.The aim is to develop and utilise new synthesis procedures to allow the controlled synthesis of new nanoparticle structures such as alloy (metallic) cores with shells consisting of metals in high oxidation states, or low oxidation metallic shells around oxidic cores and even developing layered nanomaterials with concentric multiple shells containing oxide and metallic layers. These novel nanostructures will then be characterised and evaluated as catalysts and provide the basis of a new class of catalysts.