Applying a sociotechnical systems approach to improve cycling safety and increase cycling participation

每10亿英里有1,011名骑自行车的人死亡或受重伤，相比之下，每10亿英里有26名汽车司机死亡或重伤(RoSPA，2016)。2016年，超过1.8万名骑自行车的人在道路事故中受伤，其中3499人死亡或重伤。然而，这个数字可能要高得多，因为许多轻微到中度的事故没有报告(RoSPA，2016)。典型的骑车事故包括驾车者出现在骑车人的道路上，或横穿自行车者的道路，以及骑自行车的人骑车离开人行道进入车辆的道路或右转进入车辆的道路(RoSPA，2016)。骑自行车的人在路上被杀或受重伤的人数高得不成比例，人们认为公路自行车的危险是从事这种形式的积极旅行的障碍。有必要增加积极旅行的普及率。通过增加骑自行车来减少汽车出行，可能会减少交通事故、减少排放污染和减少肥胖，从而对公共健康产生三方面的好处。

1,011 pedal cyclists are killed or seriously injured per billion vehicle miles, compared to 26 car drivers (ROSPA, 2016). In 2016 over 18,000 cyclists were injured in road accidents, including 3,499 who were killed or seriously injured. The figure, however, could be much higher as many minor to moderate accidents go unreported (ROSPA, 2016). Typical cycling accidents include the motorist emerging into, or turning across, the path of the cyclist and cyclists' riding off the pavement into the path of a vehicle or making right turns into the path of a vehicle (ROSPA, 2016). the number of cyclists killed or seriously injured on the roads are disproportionately high and the perceived risk of road cycling is a barrier for engaging in this form of active travel. There is a need to increase the prevalence of active travel. Reducing car travel by increasing cycling has potentially a threefold public health benefit of reducing road accidents, reducing emission pollution and reducing obesity.