Development of a School-Based Hearing Conservation Prog*

农村地区的听力障碍患病率很高，在青春期和成年早期出现了严重的听力障碍。在农场或农业综合企业工作的青少年比同龄人患听力障碍的风险要大得多。在听力损伤发生之前，需要训练听力保护习惯，而学校系统是满足这一需求的合理场所。该项目将开发和评估两个听力保护项目，一个针对四年级学生，一个针对七年级学生。四年级的课程将包括听力测试和一个旨在提供听觉解剖学和生理学知识、听力损伤风险因素知识、避免听力损伤的指导以及听力损伤的迹象的教育课程。七年级的课程将包括听力测试、教育课程、听力保护设备的使用、各种声音制造者（农场设备、商店设备等）发出的声音等级的显示，以及一个简单的程序来监测他们的日常听力损害。七年级课程包含健康信念模型和自我效能理论的组成部分。

DESCRIPTION: There is a high prevalence of hearing impairment in rural areas, with substantial impairments appearing in adolescence and early adulthood. Adolescents who work on farms or in agribusiness are at a much greater risk of hearing impairment than their peers. Training hearing protection habits is needed before the onset of hearing impairment, and school systems represent a logical place to address this need. This project will develop and evaluate two hearing conservation programs, one for fourth graders and one for seventh graders. The fourth grade program will include hearing tests and an educational program designed to provide knowledge about auditory anatomy and physiology, knowledge about risk factors for hearing damage, instruction in avoiding hearing damage, and signs of hearing damage. The seventh grade program will consist of hearing tests, education programs, hearing protection device use, display of the sound levels produced by various sound producers (farm equipment, shop equipment, etc.) and a simple procedure to monitor their daily exposure to hearing damage. The seventh grade program incorporates components of the Health Belief Model and the Theory of Self Efficacy.