Air-gap Electrical Windings for Light-weighting of Future Electric Propulsion Systems.

未来飞机上的电力推进系统必须达到雄心勃勃的功率密度目标，以推动混合动力和全电动航空运输的采用。航空航天技术研究所的技术路线图寻求到2035年实现20kW/kg的电机，与目前的3kW/kg形成鲜明对比。随着永磁体技术的进步和超导电导体的潜力，未来电机内的磁场强度可能超过性能最好的电工钢的饱和磁通密度。因此，具有气隙绕组和最小电钢的轻型电机拓扑结构变得越来越有吸引力，然而，气隙绕组必须设计为提供通常由电钢齿承担的反扭矩。因此，该项目侧重于复合电机绕组的设计、实施和实验测试，该复合电机绕组将玻璃纤维和碳纤维等结构元素与电导体结合在一起，以产生机械坚固、高导电性的绕组。主要的挑战是这种组件的缠绕/编织以及导体所显示的直流焦耳和交流损耗的热管理。

Future electric propulsion systems in aircraft must meet ambitious power density targets to drive the adoption of hybrid- and all-electric air-transport. The Aerospace Technology Institute technology roadmap seeks electrical machines achieving 20kW/kg by 2035 in stark contrast to the 3kW/kg available today. With improvements in permanent magnet technology and the potential for superconducting electrical conductors, the magnetic field strength within future electrical machines may exceed that of the saturation flux density of the most capable electrical steels. Hence, light-weight electrical machine topologies with air-gap windings and minimal electrical steel become increasingly attractive, however, the air-gap winding must be designed to provide the reaction torque which would conventionally be borne by electrical steel teeth. As such, this project focuses on the design, implementation and experimental test of composite electrical machine windings which incorporate structural elements such as glass- and carbon- fibre along with electrical conductors to yield a mechanically robust, highly electrically conductive winding. The primary challenges are the winding/weaving of such a component along with the thermal management of the DC Joule and AC losses exhibited by the conductors.