SEXUAL NETWORKS, PARTNER NOTIFICATION AND STD PREVENTION

描述(改编自申请者摘要)：艾滋病流行病学研究 传染病已经从使用适合于 非传染性疾病使用动态数学模型更合适 用于研究感染随着时间的推移在人群中的传播。使用 确定性和随机性模型的应用，注意力已经转移 从只分析个人的风险因素，到还分析相互作用 在推动感染传播的个人之间。为了性 传播感染(STI)，因此研究的重点已经从 初步强调个人的性危险行为要更加全面 数据的集成，包括性混合矩阵、伙伴关系并发、 影响性伴关系的其他特征和生态因素 所有这些层面的互动。令人惊讶的是，几乎没有经验数据 在这些更高层次的性互动模式上被收集， 特别是关于与各种不同的 有着截然不同的自然历史的性传播疾病。综合训练 建议的活动和研究将为戈登博士提供技能 促进他成为一名独立学术调查员的目标，因为他 收集和分析这些数据。拟议的研究包括系统的、 性交配模式与性网络的同步分析 自然历史非常不同的重要性传播疾病的特征：两种 细菌性传播感染(淋病和衣原体感染)和两种病毒性传播感染(新增 获得性生殖器疱疹和艾滋病毒)。威斯康星州大学的三项联邦资助研究 已经支持招募患有这些感染的人，允许 建议增加的研究只需少量的额外费用。由Dr. 牛津大学的杰夫·加内特、金·霍姆斯博士和玛蒂娜·莫里斯博士在 UW将帮助指导性网络数据的开发和使用 这样的数据可以改进设计的数学模型，以评估潜力 创新的预防干预措施的影响。具体目标将是：1) 定义与淋病和衣原体感染相关的性关系网络 在传输动力学的数学模型中使用经验网络数据 评估合作伙伴通知、咨询和 对这两种感染的流行率进行治疗；以及2)确定 与感染艾滋病毒和生殖器单纯疱疹病毒有关的性关系网络 感染，将它们与细菌性传播感染和性传播疾病患者的性网络进行比较 没有STIS，并在数学模型中使用经验网络数据 传播动力学，以评估行为和 关于这些感染流行的抗病毒治疗干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from applicant's abstract): Epidemiologic research on communicable diseases has evolved from using static models suitable for noncommunicable diseases to using dynamic mathematical models more appropriate for studying the diffusion of infections through populations over time. With the application of deterministic and stochastic models, attention has shifted from analyzing only the risk factors of individuals, to also the interactions between individuals that drive transmission of infection. For sexually transmitted infections (STIs), the focus of research has thus shifted from an initial emphasis on individual sexual risk behaviors to a more comprehensive integration of data including sexual mixing matrices, partnership concurrency, other sex partnership characteristics and ecological factors that influence all of these levels of interaction. Surprisingly little empirical data have been collected on these higher order patterns of sexual interaction, particularly on potential differences in patterns associated with the various STIs that have very different natural histories. The integrated training activities and research proposed will provide Dr. Golden with skills to facilitate his goal of becoming an independent academic investigator as he collects and analyzes such data. The proposed studies include systematic, concurrent analyses of patterns of sexual mixing and sexual network characteristics for important STIs with very dissimilar natural histories: two bacterial STIs (gonorrhea and chlamydial infection) and two viral STIs (newly acquired genital herpes and HIV). Three federally funded studies at the UW already support recruitment of individuals with these infections, allowing the proposed studies to be added with only small additional cost. Mentoring by Dr. Geoff Garnett at Oxford University, and Drs. King Holmes and Martina Morris at the UW will help guide development of data on sexual networks and the use of such data to improve mathematical models designed to assess the potential impact of innovative preventive interventions. Specific aims will be to: 1) define sexual networks associated with gonorrhea and chlamydial infection and use empiric network data in mathematical models of transmission dynamics to evaluate the potential effect of partner notification, counseling and treatment on the prevalence of these two infections; and 2) To define the sexual networks associated with the acquisition of HIV and genital HSV infections, compare them to sexual networks of people with bacterial STI and without STIs, and use empiric network data in mathematical models of transmission dynamics to evaluate the potential effects of behavior and antiviral treatment interventions on the prevalence of these infections.