Knife Crime Moral Panic: Assessing the interactional dynamic between the media, public policy, and frontline services.

目的了解持刀犯罪/持刀犯罪如何在10-25岁的年轻人中传播，调查城市和农村的脆弱性，以期确定预防策略。目的回答以下问题：-持刀/犯罪能否通过社交网络被识别为一种传染病？-什么叙事促进持刀/犯罪？-为什么叙事演变/传播？(攻击性/恐惧/需要保护等)--叙事是如何传播的？(关系/网络/帮派/“县线”的影响/媒体等)--有些地方更容易/不太容易感染这种传染病(城市/农村/沿海，包括社会经济因素)？-谁更容易/更不容易受到感染(帮派/性别/年龄/社会阶层等)？--在上述情况下，是否可以通过反叙事来反对这种传染；对持刀/犯罪的有效反叙事可能是什么？项目要求拟议的项目使用混合方法收集和分析数据。将收集数据，并对现有警察数据进行二级数据分析。将利用社会网络分析来探索和检验持刀/犯罪蔓延的假设。将开展调查；将采访年轻人，以调查任何促进或阻止这种行为的说法。这最终将有助于开发有效的反叙事。方法将会发展，确切的方法将在大师年期间得到改进。相关/建议的熟悉我在过去十年为警方工作，我可以在四支警察部队中接触到适当的网络和联系人，以促进数据收集。在多机构保障中心担任研究员和犯罪/绩效分析员时，我询问了警察和合作伙伴(如卫生、学校)数据库，以确定各种信息。我将使用混合方法研究战略。我在定量和定性方法、学位水平的研究和我的职业生涯中都有经验。我将使用描述性和多变量分析，这是我有经验的。我还将采用网络分析。我进行过犯罪网络分析，我将采取Q-Step高级方法，包括硕士课程中侧重于网络分析的模块。虽然我有进行访谈的经验，但我会参加硕士课程中的定性方法模块。伦理问题围绕伤害、同意和保密进行伦理考量。将考虑到与参与者讨论非法活动可能产生的法律或情感后果。可以通过参与者同意书详细说明研究的目的和价值，包括声明任何可能伤害自己或他人的言论的道德责任，可以减轻这一问题。GDPR和信息共享/记录也将得到考虑。所有数据将根据适当的指南存储，包括埃克塞特大学和ESRC的指南，如RCUK关于良好研究行为治理的政策和指南。很可能会接触到监狱/青少年犯罪环境、学校、警察和志愿组织。尽管有组织联系和网络，但可能存在潜在的可访问性问题；缺乏参与者的参与，而其他人可能会在当局不知道他们携带刀具/犯罪的情况下表现出不情愿。潜在影响这项研究有可能对学术、经济和社会产生影响。在学术上，我将把公共卫生的理论方法扩展到持刀犯罪/携带的研究中，以识别易受伤害的人和地点。然后制定针对资源的策略，以解决持刀犯罪/携带武器的蔓延问题，这将带来显著的经济和社会效益。我的网络将有助于将研究转化为实践

AimTo understand how knife crime/carrying spreads among young people aged 10 to 25 years, to investigate the urban and rural vulnerabilities with a view to identifying prevention strategies.ObjectivesTo answer the following:- Can knife carrying/crime be identified through social networks as a contagion?- What is the narrative promoting knife carrying/crime?- Why the narrative evolves/spreads? (aggression/fear/need for protection etc.)- How the narrative is spread? (connections/networks/gangs/'county lines' influence/media etc.)- Are some places more/less vulnerable to the contagion (urban/rural/coastal including socio-economic factors)?- Who is more/less vulnerable (gang/gender/age/social class etc.)?- With the above ascertained, can the contagion be opposed by counter-narratives; what might be an effective counter-narrative to knife carrying/crime?Demands of projectThe proposed project uses mixed methods for data collection and analysis. Data will be collected as well as conducting secondary data analysis of existing police data. Social network analysis will be utilised to explore and test the hypothesis that contagion of knife carrying/crime occurs. Surveys will be developed; young people will be interviewed to investigate any narratives promoting or discouraging this behaviour. This will help ultimately to develop effective counter-narratives. The methods will evolve, and the exact approach will be refined during the Master's year.Familiarity of relevant/proposedHaving worked for the police for the last ten years, I have significant access to appropriate networks and contacts across four police forces to facilitate data collection. I have interrogated police and partner (e.g. health, schools) databases to ascertain a variety of information when working as a researcher in the multi-agency safeguarding hub and as a crime/performance analyst.I will use a mixed methods research strategy. I have experience in quantitative and qualitative methods at degree level study and in my professional career. I will use descriptive and multivariate analysis which I have experience of performing. I will also employ network analysis. I have conducted criminal network analysis and I will be taking Q-step advanced methods including a module focused on network analysis within the Master's. Although I have experience in conducting interviews, I would attend a qualitative methods module within the Master's.Ethical issuesThere are ethical considerations around harm, consent and confidentiality. Consideration would be given to potential legal or emotional consequences of discussing illegal activities with the participants. This could be mitigated by a participant consent form detailing the purposes and value of the research including ethical responsibility to declare anything said which may harm themselves or others.Consideration will also be given to GDPR and the sharing/recording of information. All data will be stored according to appropriate guidelines, including those of the University of Exeter and the ESRC such as the RCUK Policy and Guidelines on the Governance of Good Research Conduct. It is likely that prison/youth offending environments, schools, police and voluntary organisations will be accessed. Despite organisational contacts and networks, there may be potential accessibility issues; lack of participant engagement, whilst others may show reluctance if their knife carrying/crimes are unknown to the authorities.Potential impactThis research has the potential to make an academic, economic and societal impact. Academically, I will expand the theoretical public health approach to the study of knife crime/carrying, to identify vulnerable people and places. Then devise strategies to target resources to address the contagion of knife crime/carrying, which will bring significant economic and societal benefits.My networks will help facilitate the translation of research into practice loc