Pest Control for the 21st Century: Integrating Biological Approaches for the Management of Crop Pests

随着人们越来越关注化学农药对环境的影响，以及由于环境立法导致许多有效成分的可用性减少，迫切需要开发创新的、环境友好的化学品替代品来控制害虫。这些措施包括新的商业产品和配方（如生物农药和化学制品），以及更传统或创新的环境操作，以加强自然生物防治剂（如花缘和冬季避难所）。本项目旨在整合两种方法，以确定两种方法是否存在协同、拮抗或冗余，重点研究大田作物鳞翅目、鞘翅目和半翅目害虫的管理，其中包括一些主要的英国常驻和迁移性作物害虫（如小菜蛾、萝卜蛾、跳蚤甲虫、叶甲虫、各种蚜虫）。具体而言，该项目将解决以下问题：1)在全球范围内，哪些环境友好型害虫防治方法被证明是最有效的？2)通过景观控制来鼓励农作物害虫的天敌，是否能像商业的非化学控制方法一样有效？3)当商业和非商业生物防治方案相结合时，它们是否会产生协同效应、拮抗作用或冗余？

With increasing concerns over the environmental impact of chemical pesticides, as well as the reduced availability of many active ingredients due to environmental legislation, there is a pressing need to develop innovative, environmentally-friendly alternatives to chemicals for pest control. These include novel commercial products and formulations (e.g. biopesticides and semiochemicals), as well as more traditional or innovative environmental manipulations to enhance natural biological control agents (e.g. floral margins and winter refuges). This project aims to integrate both approaches to determine whether there are synergies, antagonisms or redundancies in the two approaches, focusing on the management of lepidopteran, coleopteran and hemipteran pests of field crops, which include some of the major UK resident and migratory crop pests (e.g. diamondback moth, turnip moth, flea beetle, leaf beetle, various aphid species).Specifically, this project will address the following questions:1) Globally, which environment-friendly pest control methods have proved most effective?2) Can landscape manipulations to encourage the natural enemies of crop pests be as effective as commercial non-chemical control options?3) When commercial and non-commercial biocontrol options are combined, do they generate synergies, antagonisms or redundancies?