What is the impact of GDPR on Third Sector Organisations?

概述一般数据保护条例(GDPR)于2018年5月25日生效，取代了之前立法保护个人数据的指令。随着人们接受数字革命，TSO开始使用技术来管理他们的活动(Denison和Johanson，2007)。对个人信息数据库进行了整理，以保持与支持者的联系，筹集资金，提供信息并开展竞选活动。为了合规，TSO必须审查他们持有的数据。他们必须确保他们能够证明他们已经获得了同意，并制定了管理数据的政策。NfpSynergy(Cooney，2018)的一项调查发现，超过一半的受访者认为他们可以联系的支持者数量减少了。有人对遵约所需的资源表示关切，认为这使他们无法开展工作。当务之急是看看收入和参与度是否相应下降，以及这可能对他们实现目标的能力产生的后果。研究设计和方法该项目的目的是发现GDPR的引入对南安普敦的TSO产生了什么影响。有几个领域需要调查：1.在引入GDPR之前，TSO如何使用ICT？2.客户和支持者希望通过ICT以什么方式与TSO进行沟通？3.他们在确保现在持有的数据是投诉方面面临哪些挑战？4.GDPR生效以来，TSO使用ICT的方式发生了什么变化？5.GDPR的引入有没有任何积极的影响？6.GDPR的引入有负面影响吗？TSO的规模在考虑收集的数据时将是相关的。NCVO根据收入列出了五个类别：微型、小型、中型和大型。研究旨在探索这些类别对南安普敦微型、小型和中型TSO的影响的异同。这些组织的经验不同于那些能够获得更多资源的组织，这些组织没有/很少数量的受薪工作人员(慈善委员会，2010年)。这项研究将使用访谈和调查来收集数据。半结构访谈直接从在TSO工作的人那里获得信息。研究的目标是在每组调查中至少与10个组织交谈，以补充半结构访谈以获得量化数据。随机抽样的民意调查，以获得客户和支持者希望如何通过ICT与TSO沟通的数据。文献GDPR是一个新兴的研究领域。经济和社会研究理事会以及伯明翰大学和谢菲尔德哈勒姆大学都有第三部门研究中心。国际第三部门研究学会是发表与第三部门研究有关的期刊的门户。这些机构将持有这项研究将利用的许多关键文献。近几年来，使用TSO提供公共服务的情况有所增加，Brandsen和Pestoff(2006)发表了一系列研究，以加深对这一点及其对公共政策的影响的认识。《国际数据隐私法》期刊也将包含与研究立法领域相关的出版物。行业出版物Third Sector和NVCO对TSO进行了研究，研究结果将为这项研究提供参考。Burt和Taylor(2011)对英国慈善机构如何使用互联网进行了审查。这项审查引发了人们的担忧，即TSO收集、存储、使用和共享个人数据的方式使其变得脆弱。这项研究链接了许多关键文本。

Overview The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) came into force on the 25th May 2018 replacing the Directive that previously legislated for protecting personal data. As the population embraced the digital revolution TSOs started to use technology to manage their activities (Denison and Johanson, 2007). Databases of personal information were collated to maintain contact with supporters, raise money, provide information and run campaigns. To be compliant, TSOs have had to review the data they hold. They have to ensure they can evidence they have obtained consent and put policies in place to manage data. A survey by nfpSynergy (Cooney, 2018), found that more than half of the respondents saw a reduction in the number of supporters they could contact. Concerns were expressed about the resources needed to become compliant and that this took them away from carrying out their work. It is imperative to see if there is a corresponding drop in income and engagement and the consequences this may have on their ability to meet their objectives. Research design and methodologyThe aim of the project is to discover what impact the introduction of GDPR has had on TSOs in Southampton. There are a number of areas that need investigation:1. How did TSOs use ICT to prior to the introduction of GDPR?2. In what ways do clients and supporters want to communicate with TSOs via ICT? 3. What challenges did they face in ensuring the data they now hold is complaint?4. How has the way TSOs use ICT changed since GDPR came into force?5. Has the introduction of GDPR had any positive impact? 6. Has the introduction of GDPR had a negative impact?The size of the TSO will be relevant when considering the data collected. The NCVO list five categories based on income; micro, small, medium and large.The research aims to explore the similarities and differences in the impact on Micro, Small and Medium TSO's in Southampton. The experiences of these organisations, with no/low numbers of paid staff differs to those with access to greater resources (Charity Commission, 2010). There are also constraints in gaining similar access to key people in larger organisations MethodologyThe study will use interviews and surveys to collect data.Semi-structured interviews to gain information directly from people working in TSOs .The study aims to speak to a minimum of 10 organisations in each group Surveys to compliment the semi-structured interviews to obtain quantitative data A random sample public opinion survey to obtain data on how clients and supporters want to communicate with TSOs via ICT. LiteratureGDPR is an emerging study area. The Economic & Social Research Council and Universities of Birmingham and Sheffield Hallam have Third Sector Research Centre's. The International Society for Third Sector Research is the gateway to journals that publish research relating to TSOs. These bodies will hold much of the key literature the research will draw on. The use of TSOs to deliver public services has increased in recent years Brandsen and Pestoff (2006) have published a collection of studies on developing understanding of this and its impact on public policy. International Data Privacy Law journal will also contain publications that will be relevant to the legislative areas of the research. The industry publications Third Sector and the NVCO carry out research for TSOs which will contain findings that will inform this study.Burt and Taylor (2011) carried out a review on how charities in the UK use the internet. The review raised concerns that TSOs were collecting, storing, using and sharing personal data in ways that made it vulnerable. This research links to a number of key texts.