The tax collector and the priest: Matthew the Evangelist in the writings of Bede (c.673-735)

作为《伏尔盖特传》中第一部天气预报福音的作者，福音传道者马太是基督教传统中最重要的个人之一。在中世纪，传道者被认为是同名的使徒。他对耶稣教义的关注对正在建立其基础的盎格鲁-撒克逊教会至关重要。有强烈的盎格鲁-撒克逊人的兴趣在Vulgate，特别是在比德的修道院韦尔茅斯-贾罗，这是显而易见的生产三本圣经下的Ceolfrith的住处，其中之一仍然完好无损(法典Amiatinus)。比德是盎格鲁-撒克逊时期最多产的拉丁文作家，也是最重要的知识分子。本研究将探讨比德的训诫、历史和说教著作中对福音传道者马太的刻画。它将为比德对待罪恶和皈依的方式提供新的见解，因为比德将马太从税务员到使徒的转变解释为当代罪人效仿的典范。重点将放在个人，因为马太有一个明确的个人比德，建立在丰富的文学传统，特别是圣徒传记，训诫和福音手稿的教士扩展。在比德和阿卡，谁作为主教赫克瑟姆是比德的教区主教之间的交流，阿卡挑战比德的马太与狮子的象征，这与杰罗姆的人的身份识别，在盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰公认的规范相反。这一交流表明，比德对马太的刻画在盎格鲁-撒克逊早期的英格兰是一个活生生的问题。由于比德是古代晚期和加洛林时代之间的重要桥梁，他的神学观点产生了持久的影响。因此，该项目将填补盎格鲁-撒克逊研究的空白，但也将与中世纪教会更广泛的思想史相关。

As the author of the first synoptic gospel in the Vulgate, Matthew the evangelist is one of the most important individuals in the Christian tradition. In the Middle Ages the evangelist was identified with the apostle of the same name. His focus on the teachings of Jesus was crucial for an Anglo-Saxon Church that was building its foundations. There was acute Anglo-Saxon interest in the Vulgate, particularly in Bede's monastery Wearmouth-Jarrow, as is evident from the production of three bibles under Ceolfrith's abbacy, one of which is still intact (the Codex Amiatinus). Bede was the most prolific Latin writer and foremost intellectual of the Anglo-Saxon period. This research project will explore the portrayal of Matthew the evangelist in Bede's exegetical, historical and homiletic writings. It will provide new insight into Bede's approach towards sin and conversion, as Bede interpreted Matthew's transition from tax collector to apostle as a model for contemporary sinners to emulate. Emphasis will be on the individual because Matthew had a definite personal for Bede, built up from a rich tradition of literature, especially hagiography, exegises and prefatory extexts in gospel manuscripts. In an exchange between Bede and Acca, who as bishop of Hexham was Bede's diocesan, Acca challenged Bede's association of Matthew with the symbol of the lion, which was contrary to Jerome's identification of the man, the accepted norm in Anglo-Saxon England. This exchange shows that Bede's portrayal of Matthew was a live issue in early Anglo-Saxon England. Since Bede was a crucial bridge between Late Antiquity and the Carolingian era, his theological views had a lasting impact. The project will therefore fill a gap in Anglo-Saxon studies but will also have relevance to the wider intellectual history of the Medieval Church.