Processing Social Category Information from Faces

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的目标是调查种族，性别和年龄等社会类别信息如何影响面孔的感知。这将通过借鉴两个相关但尚未很好整合的研究领域的工作来完成。第一个处理的早期知觉处理的面孔，第二个重点更普遍的印象形成。在前一个传统的研究往往没有解决的作用，社会类别的信息，而在后一个传统的工作没有解决如何早期的知觉过程影响的结果，如刻板印象和偏见。 我们使用事件相关脑电位（ERPOs）进行的初步研究表明，目标种族和性别对刺激开始后100 ms开始的面孔处理有多个离散效应（伊藤和Urland，在出版中）。此外，这些影响在整个加工过程中是不同的。基于此，工作假设的建议研究是，社会类别成员影响的看法，面孔在非常早期的加工阶段，它有不同的效果，随着加工的进展。研究建议：（a）评估社会类别成员的感知是一个多阶段的过程的程度，（B）检查是否有一个单一的模型可以解释不同的群体维度的处理，（c）评估如何早期知觉方面的面孔处理与刻板印象和偏见。更一般地说，拟议的研究将整合认知神经科学对面部感知的模型与社会感知的社会心理学模型，最终目标是更好地理解如何从面部提取社会线索的全时过程，以及后来如何影响刻板印象和偏见的激活。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of the proposed research is to investigate how social category information such as race, gender, and age affect the perception of faces. This will be done by drawing on work from two related yet not-well-integrated lines of research. The first deals with early perceptual processing of faces, and the second focuses more generally on impression formation. Research in the former tradition has not often addressed the role of social category information whereas work in the latter tradition has not addressed how early perceptual processes affect outcomes such as stereotyping and prejudice. Preliminary research we have done using event-related brain potentials (ERPOs) shows that target race and gender have multiple discrete effects on the processing of faces beginning as early as 100 ms after stimulus onset (Ito & Urland, in press). Moreover, these effects differ throughout the time course of processing. Based on this, the working hypothesis of the proposed research is that social category membership affects the perception of faces at very early stages of processing, and that it has different effects as processing progresses. Studies are proposed that (a) assess the degree to which the perception of social category membership is a multi-staged process, (b) examine whether a single model can account for processing of different group dimensions, and (c) assess how early perceptual aspects of face processing relate to stereotyping and prejudice. More generally, the proposed research will integrate models from cognitive neuroscience on face perception with social psychological models of social perception with the ultimate goal of better understanding the full time course of how social cues are extracted from faces and later affect the activation of stereotypes and prejudice.