CALIFORNIA TEACHERS STUDY

描述(由申请人提供)：加州教师研究(CTS)是一项针对133,479名加州教师的前瞻性研究，由一个在流行病学和癌症病因学方面具有专业知识的加州研究中心联盟于1995年发起。这项研究旨在更好地了解乳腺癌和其他主要妇女健康问题的病因和预防；因此，加州针对乳腺癌研究的烟草税支持了这一队列的启动。该队列的成员是通过参与加利福尼亚州教师退休制度(STRS)确定的，所有公立学校的教师和管理人员都必须属于该制度。来自CTS队列的早期观察是加州教师经历的异常高的乳腺癌发病率。浸润性乳腺癌的发病率大约比加州同等年龄和种族的女性的预期发病率高出51%。此外，我们已经报道，CTS队列有非常高的子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌以及黑色素瘤的发生率。CTS队列的优势之一是其规模以及在基线和通过随后与队列成员的接触进行的详细暴露和生活方式评估。我们能够从CTS参与者那里收集到比通常从其他大型健康队列成员那里收集到的更详细的数据，这主要是因为CTS成员的教育水平普遍较高。未来五年CTS的科学具体目标集中在一小系列详细的暴露特征上，包括激素治疗(HT)的各种使用模式、异硫氰酸盐的饮食摄入、酒精消费以及体力活动/能量平衡。由于CTS的规模和出色的后续行动，我们将扩大选定假设的癌症结果，不仅包括乳腺癌，如前一个资助期，还包括结直肠癌、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌和肺癌。我们还建议以2500名乳腺癌患者和同等样本的健康CTS参与者为目标进行血液采集和DNA提取，以评估关于某些暴露/乳腺癌关系的基于基因的修饰或相互作用的一系列假设。最后，我们建议维持现有的复杂基础设施，继续对技术合作委员会成员进行详细的后续行动和定期重新联系，并处理新的数据并继续分析技术合作委员会参与者的现有数据。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The California Teachers Study (CTS) is a prospective study of 133,479 California teachers initiated in 1995 by a consortium of California research centers with expertise in epidemiology and cancer etiology. The study was designed to understand better the etiology and prevention of breast cancer and of other major women's health problems; as such, the initiation of the cohort was supported by California tobacco taxes targeted to breast cancer research. Members of the cohort were identified through their participation in the California State Teachers Retirement System (STRS) to which all public school teachers and administrators must belong. An early observation from the CTS cohort is the extraordinarily high breast cancer rates experienced by California teachers. Incidence rates for invasive breast cancer are approximately 51% higher than those expected among women of comparable age and race in California. Moreover we have reported that the CTS cohort has very high rates of endometrial and ovarian cancers as well as melanoma. Among the strengths of the CTS cohort are its size and the detailed exposure and lifestyle assessment made at baseline and through subsequent contacts with cohort members. We were able to gather more detailed data from participants in the CTS than are typically collected from members of other large healthy cohorts, primarily because of the uniformly high education levels of the CTS membership. The scientific specific aims for the next five years of the CTS are focused around a small series of detailed exposure characteristics, including various patterns of hormone therapy (HT) use, dietary intake of isothiocyanates, alcohol consumption, and physical activity/energy balance. Because of the size and excellent follow-up of the CTS, we will expand the cancer outcomes of interest for selected hypotheses to include not just breast cancer as in the previous funding period, but also colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer. We also propose to target 2,500 incident breast cancer patients and an equal sample of healthy CTS participants for blood collection and DNA extraction to evaluate a series of hypotheses regarding genetically-based modification of or interactions with certain exposure/breast cancer relationships. Finally, we propose to maintain the sophisticated infrastructure already in place, to continue detailed follow-up and periodic recontact of CTS members, and to process new data and continue analysis of existing data on CTS participants.