Health Policy and Health Economics/ Informal Payments for healthcare in Eastern Europe

这项研究的目的是更好地了解后共产主义国家，特别是巴尔干地区的医疗保健非正规支付的驱动因素和决定因素。为了实现这一目标，本文将首先考虑供给侧特征，如亲社会和尊重偏好的作用以及要求或接受非正式支付的倾向。此外，它将考虑诸如空间集聚和竞争等市场特征的重要性，以便评估卫生系统和整个公共行政中使用的现行政策工具的适当性，以解决非正规支付的持续存在问题。

The study will aim to better understand the drivers and determinants of informal payments for health care across post-communist countries and especially on the Balkans. In order to achieve this, the thesis will firstly consider supply-side characteristics such as the role of pro-social and esteem preferences and the propensity to demand or accept informal payments. Furthermore, it will consider the importance of market characteristics such as spatial agglomeration and competition in order to assess the appropriateness of current policy instruments used in the health system and overall public administration in order to address the persistence of informal payments.