SYNAPTIC MECHANISMS IN RETINA

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：本研究的目的是 为了确定代谢型谷氨酸和GABA受体在脑内的功能， 双极细胞和神经节细胞之间的通讯联系。最近的研究 描述并鉴定了几种代谢型谷氨酸和GABA 视网膜神经节细胞上的受体。调查人员发现，这些 受体也调节双极细胞递质释放。拟议研究 解决的机制和后果，他们的行动对轻 IPL的响应特性。一个目标是确定双极细胞是否 递质释放受两种代谢型GABA受体亚型控制， 一种由巴氯芬活化，另一种由顺式氨基巴豆酸活化。这些 受体可以调节双极细胞递质释放的不同方面 并在不同的视网膜适应状态下起作用。代谢型谷氨酸 受体可能作为负反馈自动受体发挥作用， 释放细胞发射器代谢型谷氨酸受体亚型， 定位于双极细胞二分体突触的每一侧，可以不同地 调节无长突和神经节细胞的递质输出。无长突细胞 同时具有代谢型GABA和谷氨酸受体。这些功能 作为突触前自身受体和突触后受体， 这将扩展我们对突触信号传导的知识， 视网膜的信息处理。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the applicant's abstract): The goal of this study is to define the function of metabotropic glutamate and GABA receptors in the communication link between bipolar and ganglion cells. Recent studies have described and identified several types of metabotropic glutamate and GABA receptors on retinal ganglion cells. The investigator has found that these receptors also modulate bipolar cell transmitter release. The proposed research addresses the mechanisms and the ramifications of their actions on the light response properties of the IPL. One aim will be to determine if bipolar cell transmitter release is controlled by two metabotropic GABA receptor subtypes, one activated by baclofen and the other by cis-aminocrotonic acid. These receptors may regulate different aspects of bipolar cell transmitter release and act under different states of retinal adaptation. Metabotropic glutamate receptors may function as negative-feedback autoreceptors that monitor bipolar cell transmitter release. Subtypes of metabotropic glutamate receptors, localized to each side of the bipolar cell dyad synapse, may differentially modulate transmitter output to amacrine and ganglion cells. Amacrine cells possess both metabotropic GABA and glutamate receptors. The function of these receptors, both as presynaptic autoreceptors and postsynaptic receptors, will be investigated, which will extend our knowledge of synaptic signaling and information processing in the retina.