The heterogenous nature of early modern manuscript manuscript recipe books: a study of recipe book functions [c.1500-c.1800]

该项目旨在调查惠康图书馆的大量手稿食谱图书，以寻找有趣的物理属性、食谱归属、所有权和用途，以探索手稿食谱书籍的重要性如何影响意义、使用和传播。这个博士项目还将通过创建在线资源来补充不完整或过时的档案描述，从而帮助进一步的食谱研究。自20世纪80年代以来，对早期现代手稿食谱的研究有了长足的发展，部分原因是对妇女历史的日益关注和手稿理论的发展。在过去的十年里，人们对这些手稿有了新的认识，认为它们本身和本身都值得研究，而不是纯粹作为历史证据使用。Wellcome图书馆对其大量手稿食谱藏书的缩微拍摄和随后的数字化也可能支持了学术研究的增加，这使得它们能够在全球范围内获得(ASpin，2017)。因此，一个跨学科的食谱领域已经建立起来，早期的现代手稿食谱开始被视为各个领域的早期现代学者的宝贵资源。尽管人们的兴趣与日俱增，但早期现代食谱和手稿食谱的古地理和材料方面仍未得到充分利用。这些手稿已经从家庭报纸中分离出来，并出售/捐赠给图书馆，这一事实加剧了这种情况。然后，手稿被编目到通用国际标准档案描述(ISAD(G))标准，该标准要求目录中包括特定的必填字段，包括物品的生产日期和作者姓名(S)。此信息用于在档案中查找材料。然而，由于早期现代手稿食谱生产和使用的异质性，ISAD(G)编目产生了意想不到的后果，掩盖了食谱的多世代和多用途性质。通过调查材料/古地理特征，如食谱归属和多个贡献者的证据，很明显，这些文本不仅是食谱知识的宝库，而且是家庭生活发生的地方。例如，玛莎·霍奇斯的食谱书中的古地理证据表明，它不仅是记录食谱及其功效的地方，实际上也是家庭生活发生的地方。对手稿食谱的编辑、使用和传播方式的研究将进一步打开这些文本作为早期现代研究的资源。这个博士项目还将根据知识共享许可的条款，以适当的标准和开放格式在线共享数据，以补充当前不准确和简短的编目元数据，从而为食谱研究做出贡献。特别是，不可能在档案元数据中表现的古地理、物理和传记细节将通过一个类似于早期现代女性图书所有权项目的在线平台获得。该项目网站不仅将吸引人们对食谱、食谱网络和国内药物的复杂生活的关注，还将满足目前对准确和全面的查找辅助工具和物品描述的需求。这个博士项目将把手稿的重要性牢牢地放在食谱研究的中心，检查食谱及其作者对早期现代医学知识传播的影响，并通过创建在线资源帮助这一新兴的新领域取得进展，这将为进一步的跨学科(以及远程)研究打开这些文本。

This project aims to survey the Wellcome Library's large manuscript recipe book collection for interesting physical attributes, recipe attributions, ownership, and use to explore how the materiality of manuscript recipe books has affected meaning, use, and transmission. This PhD project would also assist further recipe book study by creating online resources that supplement incomplete or outdated archival descriptions. Since the 1980s, there has been substantial growth in the study of early modern manuscript recipe books, partly due to a growing focus on women's history and the development of manuscript theory. Over the last decade, there has been a new appreciation of these manuscripts as being worthy of study in and of themselves, as opposed to being used purely as historical evidence. This increase in scholarship is also likely to have been supported by the Wellcome Library's microfilming and subsequent digitisation of their large manuscript recipe book collection which has made them globally accessible (Aspin, 2017). As a result, an interdisciplinary recipe book field has been established with early modern manuscript recipe books beginning to be appreciated as a valuable resource for early modern scholars in various fields. Despite this growing interest, the palaeographical and material aspects of early modern recipes and manuscript recipe books are underutilised. This is exacerbated by the fact that these manuscripts have been separated from family papers and sold/donated to libraries. The manuscripts are then catalogued to General International Standard Archival Description (ISAD(G)) standards, which call for particular mandatory fields to be included with a catalogue, including the date an item was produced and its authors' name(s). This information is used to find material within an archive. However, due to the heterogenous nature of early modern manuscript recipe books production and use, ISAD(G) cataloguing has the unintended consequence of hiding recipe books' multigenerational and multipurpose nature. By surveying material/palaeographical characteristics, such as recipe attributions and evidence of multiple contributors, it becomes apparent that these texts were not only repositories for recipe knowledge but a site where domestic life took place. For example, palaeographical evidence in Martha Hodges' recipe book suggests that it acted not only as a place to document recipes and their efficacy, but was actually a site where domestic life took place. Research into the ways in which manuscript recipe books have been compiled, used, and disseminated will open up these texts further as a resource for early modern study. This PhD project would also contribute to recipe book research by sharing data online in appropriate standard and open formats, under the terms of a Creative Commons license to supplement current inaccurate and brief cataloguing metadata. In particular, the palaeographical, physical, and biographical details that are impossible to represent in archival metadata would be made accessible through an online platform similar to that of the Early Modern Female Book Ownership project. The project website will not only draw attention to the complex lives of recipe books, recipe network, and domestic medicine, but would fill the current need for accurate and comprehensive finding aids and item descriptions. This PhD project will project will place the materiality of manuscripts firmly in the centre of recipe book study, examine the impact of recipes and their authors on the transmission of early modern medical knowledge, and help progress this burgeoning new field through creating online resources which will open up these texts for further interdisciplinary (and also remote) study.