What controls the warming of the Antarctic Bottom Water supply to the Atlantic Ocean

在过去的三十年里，充斥着大部分海洋深渊的南极底层水(AABW)在世界海洋的大部分地区，特别是在大西洋盆地，表现出惊人的升温和体积收缩。虽然这些变化的原因尚不清楚，但现有证据表明，在大西洋，AABW的变暖和收缩可能是由于韦德尔海上空风的强度和结构的变化造成的，那里产生了许多AABW。AABW是世界上密度最大的水团，由于它将热量和碳吸收到海洋深处，因此对全球气候特别重要。该项目将通过(I)确定从韦德尔海进入大西洋的AABW的流动和性质如何对风强迫做出反应，以及(Ii)评估将风强迫扰动与AABW的变化联系起来的动力学过程来检验和量化这一假设。该项目将彻底了解南极风的变化可能以何种方式影响全球海洋深渊最深层的热含量。

During the last three decades, the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) that fills the bulk of the ocean abyss has exhibited a striking warming and contraction in volume over much of the world ocean, particularly in the Atlantic basin. While the causes of these changes are unknown, available evidence suggests that, in the Atlantic Ocean, the warming and contraction of AABW may be caused by changes in the strength and configuration of winds over the Weddell Sea, where much AABW is produced. AABW is the densest of the world's water masses, and is particularly important to global climate because of its role in drawing down heat and carbon into the depths of the ocean.This project will test and quantify this hypothesis by (i) determining how the flow and properties of the AABW entering the Atlantic Ocean from the Weddell Sea respond to wind forcing, and (ii) assessing the dynamical processes connecting wind forcing perturbations to changes in AABW. The project will generate a thorough understanding of the ways in which changes in Antarctic winds may shape the heat content of the deepest layers of the global ocean abyss.