Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Children with ADHD

描述（由申请人提供）：患有ADHD的儿童已知有 广泛的睡眠障碍和白天与年龄不相称的增加， 夜间活动水平。即使患有多动症的孩子已经成功地 在接受兴奋剂治疗后，大多数人仍然有严重的睡眠困难。 假设多动症的活动水平缺陷与 内源性兴奋机制紊乱尽管事实上 已知睡眠/觉醒昼夜节律涉及对觉醒的控制 在白天和晚上的水平，没有研究研究昼夜节律 注意力缺陷多动症儿童的节奏。本研究的总体目标是 确定ADHD儿童的睡眠/觉醒昼夜节律模式。 具体目的是：（1）研究白天活动与 夜间睡眠的水平、质量和数量，以及生物睡眠/觉醒 周期在儿童多动症和（2）检查兴奋剂的影响 治疗（ST）对睡眠和昼夜节律的影响。目的 白天活动水平和夜间睡眠的数据将使用 持续的活动监测。儿童ADHD治疗将 从多个来源进行主观和客观评估，并与 连续睡眠和昼夜节律数据。为了成功地代表 ADHD儿童内源性睡眠/觉醒昼夜节律，每个儿童 将在2个不同的时间段（即ST前后）监测4天。 了解睡眠质量和数量之间的关系，昼夜节律 节律，白天活动水平，ADHD症状和ST可能导致新的 基于改善睡眠和节律的治疗方法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Children with ADHD are known to have extensive sleep disturbances and age-inappropriate increases in daytime and nighttime activity levels. Even when children with ADHD have been successfully treated with stimulants, the majority still has significant sleep difficulties. Deficits in activity levels in ADHD have been hypothesized to be associated with a dysfunction of endogenous arousal mechanisms. Despite the fact that the sleep/wake circadian rhythm is known to be involved in the control of arousal levels during the day and night, no studies have researched the circadian rhythms of children with ADHD. This general objective of this study is to determine the pattern of sleep/wake circadian rhythms in children with ADHD. Specific aims are: (1) to examine the relationship between daytime activity levels, quality and quantity of nighttime sleep, and biological sleep/wake cycles in children with ADHD and (2) to examine the effect of stimulant treatment (ST) on sleep and circadian rhythms in this population. Objective data on daytime activity levels and nighttime sleep will be collected using continuous ambulatory activity monitoring. Children's ADHD symptomatology will be subjectively and objectively assessed from several sources and compared to continuous sleep and circadian rhythms data. In order to successfully represent the endogenous sleep/wake circadian rhythm in children with ADHD, each child will be monitored for 4 days at 2 separate time periods, i.e. pre and post ST. Understanding the relationships between sleep quality and quantity, circadian rhythms, daytime activity levels, ADHD symptoms, and ST could lead to newer treatment approaches based on improving sleep and rhythms.