Adopting Transkribus in the National Library of Scotland: Understanding how Handwritten Text Recognition Will Change Management and Use of Digitised M

最近，人工智能（AI）已成为使数字档案材料更容易获取的核心工具。然而，在这些研究中，使用者及其行为往往被忽视。与苏格兰国家图书馆（NLS）密切合作，该学生将推断如何最好地部署一个人工智能平台，即文本识别软件Transkribus，以造福用户社区。还将了解如何实施这些系统可能会破坏、扩展和改变主要图书馆和档案馆的传统工作流程。HTR技术可以被看作是更广泛的档案数字化趋势的一部分——这一趋势也推动了对“数字人文”的新关注。档案馆目前正寻求精确地使用这种数字软件，重新设想他们作为历史材料保管人的角色。如今，互联网接入变得如此普遍，以至于出现了关于“后托管世界”的讨论，即档案仅仅是“访问中心”或“没有墙的虚拟档案”。这种变化只会增加，因此，对Transkribus等系统的重视只会增加。这些问题将被提出如下；图书馆如何有效地融入数字化工作流程？HTR的使用如何破坏或增强现有的存档实践？为了更广泛地使用HTR，需要解决哪些制度、伦理和基础设施问题？与NLS，特别是其数字档案和手稿部门，以及因斯布鲁克大学Transkribus的开发人员一起，将实现对相关感兴趣领域的关键访问。这样的机会将允许在背景下分析软件，并应用民族志方法来理解HTR与传统古生物学实践的关系。在这个职位的第二年：这个项目方法论的一个核心组成部分将是在NLS对公众进行用户体验测试，扩展他们现有的外展活动，使用约翰·默里档案的材料，评估使用Transkribus的障碍和优势。用户分析的其他领域也将提供，包括与NLS年度活动相关的弹出式展览，以及通过苏格兰艺术与人文研究生院（SGSAH）进行的展示。在特拉斯教授的指导下，他还将有机会在Transkribus年度会议上发表研究成果。目前，许多关于人工智能的研究都是无定形的未来预测，没有对用户进行这种基层分析。通过将用户重新插入到此类软件的分析中，将通过该研究项目形成一个关于如何部署像Transkribus这样的数字工具的更批判性的观点。

Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a core tool in making digital archival material more accessible. Nevertheless, in these studies users and their behaviours are often neglected. Working in close collaboration with the National Library of Scotland (NLS), this studentship will deduce how one AI platform, the text recognition software Transkribus, can be best deployed to benefit user communities. An understanding of how implementing such systems might disrupt, extend and change traditional workflows at leading libraries and archives will also be reached. HTR technology can be seen as part of the wider trend of digitisation in archives - a trend which is also behind the newfound focus on 'digital humanities'. Archives are currently looking to employ such digital software precisely, undergoing a reimagining of how they act as custodians of historical material. Nowadays, internet access has become so ubiquitous that discussions of a 'post-custodial world', where archives are mere 'access hubs' or 'virtual archives without walls', has emerged. This change is only seen to increase and, as such, the emphasis on systems like Transkribus will only grow. Such questions will be asked as; how can libraries embed themselves within digitisation workflows effectively? How might HTR usage disrupt or enhance existing archival practices? What institutional, ethical and infrastructural issues need to be tackled to take up HTR more widely? Taking place on the ground with the NLS, especially its Digital Archives and Manuscript Divisions, as well as with the developers of Transkribus at the University of Innsbruck, key access to relevant areas of interest will be enabled. Such an opportunity will allow an analysis of the software in context and the application of ethnographic approaches in understanding how HTR relates to tradition palaeographic practice. Occurring in year two of the post: a core component of the methodology of this project will be running user experience testing with members of the public at the NLS, extending their existing outreach activities, using material from the John Murray Archive, evaluating barriers and strengthens in using Transkribus. Other areas of user analysis will be made available, including pop-up exhibitions tied to the NLS's annual events, as well as showcases through the Scottish Graduate School for Arts and Humanities (SGSAH). Through the supervision of Prof Terras, opportunities to speak about research findings at the annual Transkribus conference will be taken up also. Much research into AI is currently amorphous future-casting without this grassroot analysis of users. By reinserting users back into the analysis of such software, a more critical view of how to deploy digital tools like Transkribus will be formed through this research project.