Estimating the Heating Demand of buildings in Urban-scale and defining the Data Challenges in scaling up from Buildings to Cities

本博士论文将研究城市尺度能源模型的数据需求，尤其是供暖需求的估计，以及最有效的更新策略，以便能够提出具体的数据集和策略，并快速翻新整个城市，以便我们对该领域有更多的了解，决策者可以更容易地规划城市尺度的更新，以便有效地应对未来气候变化的情景。本博士项目的目的是评估样本区域内建筑物的供暖需求，以便为收集所需的关于建筑特征和城市环境的数据提出建议，其中城市建模最敏感。因此，由此产生的一些研究问题如下：城市尺度的能源建模需要什么数据集？评估城市能源绩效的最佳技术是什么？城市改造所需步骤的最有效顺序是什么？(建立翻新战略)能源绩效高的地区在未来的气候情景中是否会节能？研究项目的目标是：1.了解城市或区域能源模型的政策主导目标。换句话说，已经设定的目标和实现这些目标所需的战略。定义UBEM的数据要求。通过敏感度分析，考察对建筑节能性能影响最大的参数。检查这些参数的可能数据源，并在最终输出中评估它们的效果。在考虑到未来气候情景的情况下，就改造战略提出建议。

This PhD will examine the data requirements for the urban scale energy modelling, and more specifically for the estimation of heating demand, and the most effectiverenovation strategies in order to be able to suggest a specific dataset and strategy, and to refurbish whole cities rapidly, so that we will know more about this field and the desicion makers could plan the renovation at urban scale easier for tackling effectively the future climate scenarios about climate change.The aim of this PhD project is to evaluate the heating demand of buildings in a sample region, in order to formulate suggestions for the required data collection on the features of buildings and the urban environment to which the urban modelling is most sensitive.Hence, some research questions that are resulted are the following:What is the dataset that is needed for energy modelling at city scale?What is the best technique to estimate the city energy performance?Which is the most efficient order of the steps needed for the renovation of cities? (build a refurbishment strategy)Will regions that are characterized by a high energy performance rate be energy efficient in future regarding future climate scenarios?The objectives of the research project are:1. To understand the policy-led targets for city or regional energy modelling. In other words, the goals that have been set and the strategies that are required to achieve those.2. To define the data requirements for the UBEM.3. To examine the parameters that are the most impactful for the energy performance of buildings, by sensitivity analysis.4. To examine possible data sources for these parameters and evaluate the effect of them in final output.5. To provide recommendations, regarding retrofit strategies, considering the future climate scenarios.