Resistant E. coli in Humans and Poultry

背景：家禽产品是风险最高的食品， 肠外致病性E.杆菌这些菌株或其耐药元件是否真的传播给消费者，如果是的话，是否会对人类健康构成重大威胁，目前尚不清楚。 目标：评估家禽接触和消费作为人类定植甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（TS）、氟喹诺酮（FQ）和超广谱头孢菌素（ESC）耐药大肠杆菌的风险因素。大肠杆菌（即TSREC、ESCREC和ESCREC），并定义家禽源与人源TSREC、ESCREC和ESCREC及其各自抗性元件之间的共性程度。 计划：将比较来自中西部四个农村社区的629名人类志愿者粪便样本、来自同一地区的160种零售家禽和当地临床微生物学实验室的时间匹配的TSREC、ESCREC和ESCREC分离株。风险因素分析将确定人类感染TSREC、ESCREC和ESCREC的流行病学预测因素，包括接触和食用家禽。详细的分子生物学分析将明确禽源和人源分离株及其各自的耐药元件之间的关系，并阐明禽源E. Coll. 与RFA的相关性：该提案通过帮助实施"预防抗生素耐药性的公共卫生行动计划"中的行动项目#50来解决RFA的研究目标II（第一部分：国内问题）：重点领域二，预防和控制"：进行额外研究，以进一步确定使用各种兽药对感染或寄生于不同种类食用动物的抗药性细菌出现的影响，使用各种畜牧业实践[间接处理]。确定风险因素和预防措施[已处理，传播给人类]。评估相关风险。"AR感染向人类的传播[解决]，"人类临床疾病[解决]，"和转移 从动物植物群到人类植物群的耐药因子[处理]。该研究是否解决了当前迫切需要研究的具有高度公共卫生重要性的抗菌素耐药性问题？是的。

Background: Poultry products are the highest-risk foods for containing antibiotic-resistant and extraintestinal-pathogenic E. coli. Whether such strains or their resistance elements are actually transmitted to consumers and, if so, pose a significant human health threat, is unknown. Goals: Assess poultry contact and consumption as risk factors for human colonization with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TS)-, fluoroquinolone (FQ)-, and extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant E. coli (i.e. TSREC, FQREC, and ESCREC), and define the degree of commonality among poultry-source versus human-source TSREC, FQREC, and ESCREC and their respective resistance elements. Plans: Temporally-matched TSREC, FQREC, and ESCREC isolates from fecal samples from 629 human volunteers in four rural Midwestem communities, 160 retail poultry items fi'om the same locales, and local clinical microbiology laboratories will be compared. Risk factor analysis wi.ll identify epidemiological predictors of human colonization with TSREC, FQREC, and ESCREC, including contact with and consumption of poultry. Detailed molecular analysis will define the relationships between poultry-source and human-source isolates and their respective resistance elements, plus clarify the virulence potential for humans of poultry-source E. coll. Relevance to the RFA: The proposal addresses Research Objective II of the RFA by helping implement Action Item #50 found in "A Public Health Action Plan to Prevent Antimic_:obial Resistance (Part I: Domestic Issues): Focus Area II, Prevention and Control": Conduct additional research to further define the effects of using various veterinary drugs on the emergence of resistant bacteria that infect or colonize food animals of different species, using various animal husbandry practices [indiirectly addressed]. Identify risk factors and preventive measures [addressed, for transmission to humans]. Assess the associated risk of. " Transmission of AR infections to humans [addressed]," Clinical disease in humans [addressed],' and Transfer of resistance factors from animal flora to human flora [addressed]. Does the research address a current and compelling problem of antimicrobial resistance that is of high public health importance and for which research is needed? [yes].