Mechanisms Mediating Neural Network Modulation

描述：（申请人提供） 这项提案的长期目标是在细胞水平上确定， 不同的运动模式是由不同的感觉和下行输入引起的 多功能的神经网络，这些神经网络是行为的基础。以前的工作 许多模型系统表明，神经基础的一个共同原则 一个神经网络可以产生许多不同的神经网络， 活动模式，从而产生不同的行为。多功能 这种网络的特征来自于调节性的作用， 神经递质，改变细胞和突触的性质， 网络神经元到目前为止，人们对神经系统如何运作知之甚少 选择由给定网络引发的活动模式。在这 背景下，确定的投射和感觉神经元将被研究，以确定 这个选拔过程是如何被安排的这将包括一个决心 （a）神经递质的共同释放，（B） 递质释放的活性依赖性调节，以及（c）激活 不同的投射神经元这项建议旨在利用 定义明确的模型系统，螃蟹的口胃神经系统， 阐明多递质调节神经元的细胞机制 从定义明确的网络中引出不同的输出。因为神经网络是 所有行为背后的基本构建块，以及许多相同的组织 原则适用于所有动物的网络活动，这项工作的目的是更好地 阐明神经系统如何产生行为。这将有助于A 更好地了解网络功能障碍，产生异常或损失， 行为，如脊髓损伤或中风后发生。因为这 研究将研究网络功能的调制，这也将有助于 必须理解的一般原则，以解决异常行为 在改变状态期间发生的，例如由于药物 成瘾该建议旨在将联合收割机细胞神经生理学， 药理学和解剖学方法来阐明关于 多功能网络的运动模式选择。这将指导 在更复杂的哺乳动物神经系统中进行的类似研究。

DESCRIPTION:(provided by applicant) The long-term goal of this proposal is to determine, at the cellular level, how distinct motor patterns are elicited by different sensory and descending inputs to multifunctional neural networks that underlie behavior. Previous work in many model systems showed that one common principle underlying the neural basis of behavior is that single neural networks produce many different neural activity patterns, thereby producing distinct behaviors. The multifunctional character of such networks derives from the actions of modulatory neurotransmitters which alter the cellular and synaptic properties of the network neurons. Thus far, little is known regarding how the nervous system selects which activity pattern should be elicited by a given network. In this context, identified projection and sensory neurons will be studied to determine how this selection process is orchestrated. This will include a determination of the roles played by the (a) co-release of neurotransmitters, (b) activity-dependent regulation of transmitter release, and (c) activation of distinct sets of projection neurons. This proposal aims to take advantage of a well-defined model system, the stomatogastric nervous system of the crab, to elucidate the cellular mechanisms whereby multitransmitter modulatory neurons elicit distinct outputs from well-defined networks. Because neural networks are basic building blocks underlying all behaviors, and many of the same organizing principles pertain to network activity in all animals, this work aims to better elucidate how the nervous system generates behavior. This will facilitate a better understanding of network dysfunction that produces aberrant or loss of behavior, such as occurs after spinal cord injury or stroke. Because this research will study the modulation of network function, it will also contribute to general principles that must be understood to address aberrant behaviors occurring during altered states, for example as occurs as a result of drug addiction. This proposal aims to combine cellular neurophysiological, pharmacological and anatomical approaches to elucidate general principles about motor pattern selection from multifunctional networks. This will guide comparable studies in the more complex, mammalian nervous system.