LAND USE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

描述(由申请人提供)：鼓励体力活动的城市和郊区环境在预防各种疾病，特别是心血管疾病方面具有巨大的潜力。最近的研究表明，土地利用和街道设计对人们选择步行还是骑自行车出行有很大影响。由于步行和骑自行车可以显著促进健康，我们建议仔细调查土地利用和街道设计以及步行和骑自行车之间的关系。 我们建议将主要来自美国人口普查的土地使用数据与美国交通部详细调查的步行和骑自行车数据联系起来。具体而言，我们将探讨土地利用的以下几个方面与步行和骑自行车的关系：街道格局；潜在雇主的接近程度；社会经济群体的相对多样性；个人和娱乐活动目的地的邻近程度；以及常住人口的密度。这项拟议的研究将是第一批确定与步行和骑自行车最为一致的土地利用具体特征的研究之一。这项研究旨在通过为有关城市和郊区发展和设计的政策决策做出贡献，促进全身和心血管健康。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Urban and suburban environments that encourage physical activity have great potential to prevent a variety of diseases, especially cardiovascular disease. Recent studies suggest that land use and street design strongly influence whether people choose to travel by foot or bicycle. Because walking and bicycling can significantly promote health, we propose to carefully investigate the relationship between land use and street design, and walking and bicycling. We propose to link data on land use, mainly from the US Census, with data on walking and bicycling from detailed surveys of the US Department of Transportation. Specifically, we will address to what extent the following aspects of land use are associated with walking and bicycling: street patterns; proximity of potential employers; relative diversity of socio-economic groups; proximity of destinations for personal and recreational activities; and density of the resident population. The proposed research will be among the first to identify specific features of land use that are most consistently associated with walking and bicycling. The study is intended to promote general and cardiovascular health by contributing to policy decisions concerning urban and suburban development and design.