RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

这一建议侧重于两个方面的关系， 青少年和年轻人的物质使用和性行为。第一 包括评估使用 大麻、可卡因和酒精等物质，以及 性行为是因果关系。也就是说，使用大麻，可卡因和 酒精导致年轻人在更早的年龄开始性交， 在过去的一个月或一年里更有可能发生性行为， 不太可能使用避孕套或其他避孕方法， 更多的性伴侣还是意外怀孕第二 涉及对州和地方政策影响的调查， 努力减少物质的使用， 性传播疾病，包括后天性传播疾病 免疫缺陷综合症（艾滋病）。这些策略变量的示例包括 可卡因和大麻的价格（这取决于分配给 刑事司法），对这些物质的使用者施加的惩罚， 拥有，预防毒品的公共支出，酒精的价格（ 取决于税率），以及与酒精有关的法规 销售、广告和服务器责任。五个一个个人层面的面板，一个 个人层面的调查不同的青少年汇集了五年，两个 将采用州或城市横截面的时间序列：原始 全国青年纵向调查（NLSY）， NLSY，新NLSY 97，1988年国家教育纵向研究（NELS88）， 国家青少年健康纵向研究（Add Health） 风险行为调查（YRBS）和来自疾病中心的两个数据系列 控制和预防（CDC）性传播疾病监测 报告制度。需要解决的一些具体问题包括： 大麻，可卡因和酒精使用对各种指标的影响 性行为和危险性行为时，这些影响是通过多变量 统计程序，如工具变量和固定效应， 解释反向因果关系和无法测量的变量？这些影响是如何 不同性别、种族和年龄（青少年与年轻人）？有哪些 非法药物和酒精调节变量对性行为的影响， 危险性行为，艾滋病、衣原体和淋病的发病率？

This proposal focuses on two aspects of the relationship between substance use and sexual behavior among teenagers and young adults. The first involves evaluating the extent to which the relationship between the use of such substances as marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol and various aspects of sexual behavior are causal. That is, does the use, of marijuana, cocaine and alcohol cause young people to initiate sexual intercourse at an earlier age, to be more likely to engage in sexual intercourse in the past month or past year, to be less likely to use condoms or other methods of birth control, to have had more sexual partners. or to have experienced an unplanned pregnancy? The second involves an investigation of the effects of state and local policies that attempt to reduce substance use on the outcomes just mentioned and on the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Examples of these policy variables are the prices of cocaine and marijuana (which depend on resources allocated to criminal justice), penalties imposed on users of these substances for possession, public spending for drug prevention, the price of alcohol (which depends on the rate at which it is taxed), and statutes pertaining to alcohol sales, advertising, and server liability. Five one individual-level panels, one individual-level survey of different teenagers pooled over five years, and two time series of state or city cross sections will be employed: the original National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), the young adult sample of the NLSY, the new NLSY97, National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS88), the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), and two data series from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance Reporting System. Some specific questions to be addressed include: What are the effects of marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol use on a variety of indicators of sexual behavior and risky sex when these effects are obtained by multivariate statistical procedures such as instrumental variables and fixed effects that account for reverse causality and unmeasured variables'? How do these effects differ by gender, race, and age (teenagers versus young adults)? What are the effects of illegal drug and alcohol regulatory variables on sexual behavior, risky sex, and incidence rates of AIDS, chlamydia, and gonorrhea?