Salmon Welfare Ethics: How do we properly determine moral duties to the radically non-human in the Anthropocene?

鲑鱼养殖是现代农业伦理问题的代名词。在bazery条件保持海笼子。在Ldal河口，这些动物可能一辈子都没有经历过对动物福利标准至关重要的生活。2鲑鱼在圈养中特别糟糕，经历了高死亡率和高受伤率，几乎在每个饲养阶段都有明显的痛苦。它们无法回应内心的迁徙召唤，研究表明，由于是一种孤独的动物，它们会不断接触其他动物，因此会经历终身的压力。

Salmon farming is the synecdoche for rhe ethical issues in modern agriculture. Kept in bazery condition Sea cages. in Ldal estuaries, these animals can live their whole lives without ever experiencing the life worth living central to animal welfare standards.Salmon fare particularly poorly in captivity, experiencing high morality a high rate of injury, and clear and present suffering at almost every husbandry stage. They cannot answer their internal call to migrate, and studies show that they experience lifelong stress due to being a solitary animal which is constantly touching other animals.