Measuring Preferences in Social Surveys

描述（由申请人提供）：在以人口为基础的社会经济调查中测量个人偏好的创新方法将在以家庭为基础的纵向调查中开发，测试和实施。重点将放在人与人之间的偏好、对风险的态度和时间间的偏好上。这些偏好领域在许多个人和家庭行为模型中发挥着关键作用，但它们很少在社会经济调查中得到明确的衡量。本项目将在填补这一空白方面取得进展。借鉴实验社会科学文献中成功应用的方法，研究对象将参与精心控制、精心设计的行为实验。研究对象的报酬是基于他们的决定，这使得他们歪曲自己的偏好代价高昂。这些优惠措施将被仔细验证，并将作为“黄金标准”。同样的方法将适用于以家庭为基础的情况，在第二轮家庭调查中进行广泛测试和实地应用，以衡量同样的三类偏好。调查结果将与“黄金标准”进行比较。基线住户调查将使用假设性问题和完善的调查工具，从相同的应答者那里收集关于相同偏好领域的信息。这些偏好测量将与两组基于实验的测量进行比较。根据两轮住户调查中收集的丰富信息，对个人和家庭行为的预测将验证所有偏好措施。实验诱导的家庭内部个人资源的变化将进一步阐明这些偏好措施对理解个人和家庭行为的贡献。因此，该项目将全面评价在今后以人口为基础的住户调查中纳入基于实验的偏好措施的可行性、成本和效益。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Innovative methods for the measurement of preferences of individuals in population-based socio-economic surveys will be developed, tested and implemented in a longitudinal household-based survey. The focus will be on inter-personal preferences, attitudes towards risk and inter-temporal preferences. These domains of preferences play a key role in many models of individual and family behavior, yet they are seldom explicitly measured in socio-economic surveys. This project will make progress towards filling that gap. Drawing on methods that have been successfully applied in the experimental social science literature, study subjects will participate in carefully-controlled, well-designed behavioral experiments. Subjects are paid based on their decisions, making it costly for them to misrepresent their preferences. These measures of preferences will be carefully validated and will serve as a "gold standard". The same methodology will be adapted to a household-based setting, extensively tested and fielded in the second round of a household survey to measure the same 3 classes of preferences. The measures from the survey will be compared with the "gold standard". The baseline household survey will collect information on the same preference domains from the same respondents using hypothetical questions and well-developed survey instruments. These preferences measures will be compared with the two sets of experimental-based measures. All the measures of preferences will be validated against predictions about behaviors of individuals and families drawing on the richness of information collected in two rounds of the household survey. Experimentally induced variation in individual resources within households will shed additional light on the contributions of these measures of preferences to understanding individual and family behavior. The project will, thereby, provide a thorough evaluation of the feasibility, costs and benefits of including experimental based measures of preferences in future population-based household surveys.