RESEARCH IN PERINATAL MEDICINE

描述（由申请人提供）：美国有许多新生儿-围产期医学临床培训项目，但很少提供实验生物学的强化实验室经验和临床研究和流行病学的结构化培训。自1977年成立以来，该博士后项目的目标一直是为对发育医学感兴趣的儿科医生和博士毕业生提供一个环境，使他们能够获得成功学术生涯所需的技能。这是通过学员与既定调查员的直接联系来完成的。耶鲁大学的临床和基础科学系都参与了这个项目，包括儿科、遗传学、分子生物物理学和生物化学、细胞生物学、病理学和流行病学。这些部门的广泛实验室资源可供学员使用，新生儿特别护理病房的临床设施也是如此，这是一个拥有49张床位的三级护理中心。除了密集的基于实验室的研究经验外，还提供细胞生物学，分子生物学和遗传学的结构化课程。选择临床研究的学员需要学习临床试验设计、统计学和流行病学等课程。他们也可能成为耶鲁大学公共卫生学院公共卫生硕士学位的候选人。受训者被任命为三年，必须致力于追求学术医学的职业生涯。医学博士学员将在进入项目前完成实习。博士毕业生将对发育生物学有明显的兴趣。经过一段时间的培训，受训者选择一个导师和一个研究项目。在导师的直接监督下，他们设计、执行并报告他们的研究。由于三年通常不足以建立独立的研究生涯，因此鼓励和协助受训者申请资助以延长他们的研究训练，许多人已经成功地这样做了。这个项目已经成功运行了23年。毕业生在美国各地担任学术职位，许多人已成为围产期医学的领导者。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There are many clinical training programs in neonatal-perinatal medicine in the United States, but few offer an intensive laboratory experience in experimental biology and structured training in clinical research and epidemiology. The goal of this postdoctoral program, since its inception in 1977, has been to provide pediatricians and Ph.D. graduates who are interested in developmental medicine with an environment that will permit them to gain the skills necessary for a successful academic career. This is accomplished by the direct association of trainees with established investigators. Both clinical and basic science departments at Yale University are involved with this program including Pediatrics, Genetics, Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Pathology, and Epidemiology. The extensive laboratory resources of these departments are available to trainees, as are the clinical facilities of the Newborn Special Care Unit, a 49 bed tertiary care center. In addition to an intensive laboratory based research experience, structured course work is available in cell biology, molecular biology and genetics. Trainees who elect to do clinical research are required to take courses in design of clinical trials, statistics and epidemiology. They may also become candidates for the MPH degree at the Yale School of Public Health. Trainees are appointed for three years and must be committed to pursuing a career in academic medicine. M.D. trainees will have completed their residency prior to entering the program. Ph.D. graduates will have a demonstrated interest in developmental biology. After an orientation period, trainees select a preceptor and a research project. Under the direct supervision of the preceptor, they design, perform and report their research. Since 3 years is generally insufficient to establish an independent research career, trainees are encouraged and assisted to apply for funding to extend their research training, and many have done so successfully. This program has now been functioning successfully for over 23 years. Graduates hold academic positions throughout the United States and many have become leaders in perinatal medicine.