Beyond Liberal Peacebuilding in post-conflict situations: An ecological and decolonial study of Colombia, 2016-2022

该研究涉及哥伦比亚政府与哥伦比亚革命武装力量（FARC-EP）之间的2016年和平协议的后果和后果。它将调查paz territorial（领土和平）的有效性，它在多大程度上偏离了“自上而下”的自由和平建设的规范，以及它在多大程度上符合所谓的“自下而上”的地方和平建设的转变。和平进程标志着50多年的国内武装冲突的结束，并通过提出和平领土概念，提出了建设和平的新办法，承认土地不平等和社会排斥的重要性，寻求通过农村发展倡议解决这两个问题。和平协定的最后定稿强调了这一协定中从市场主导到社区主导方案的隐含转变，以及对社区凝聚力、领土的替代概念和“多维度”的赞赏，这是从“自上而下”发展和自由建设和平的关键转移。该研究将侧重于两个关键领域：多层面的不平等和自然资源开采，从非殖民化和生态的角度进行评估，其中包括建设和平，发展和全球南部社区的认识论排斥的当代辩论。作为对这些辩论的贡献，该项目将建立和采用一个非殖民化和生态马克思主义的理论框架，这也将使它能够超越和批评传统的不平等和环境可持续性的量化措施。这也将使该项目质疑和平领土的中央承诺，扩大和加强哥伦比亚的农村和代表性不足的社区的社会政治包容性是否反映在同时纳入替代认识论，本体论和宇宙论，以及这种纳入/遗漏的社会环境影响。由哥伦比亚学术界、研究人员和组织网络REDIPAZ提供后勤和组织支持。实地调查将调查自2016年以来，该部门的多层面不平等和榨取主义水平是否有任何发展或变化，以确定这是否是恢复自由主义建设和平惯例的证据。同时，它将采用一种创新和内省的方法，通过开发，收集和比较两个独立的数据集，同时质疑数据收集的认识论过程：1。自2016年以来，政府对多维不平等和采掘主义的统计数据，来自Incidencia de la Pobreza Multidimensional，国家统计行政部门（DANE）和采掘业透明度倡议（EITI）等来源。在整个安蒂奥基亚的代表性样本上进行的问卷调查，通过社会环境不平等的概念进行开发，将首先在非结构化访谈和焦点小组中进行探索，并通过非结构化访谈和焦点小组获得信息，这些社区通常被排除在哥伦比亚社会之外或在哥伦比亚社会中代表性不足，例如非洲裔和土著人民。关于其社会环境后果的研究有限。因此，该项目将有助于发展学术文献，同时也有助于正在进行的努力，非殖民化建设和平，生态马克思主义和研究方法。此外，该项目的重点将纳入关于结构性不平等、可持续发展和减缓气候变化的紧急全球对话。

The research concerns the consequences and aftermath of the 2016 peace agreement between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC-EP). It will investigate the efficacy of paz territorial (territorial peace), to what degree it has diverged from the norms of 'top-down' liberal peacebuilding, and how far it corresponds to a purported shift towards 'bottom-up' local peacebuilding. The peace process marked an end to over 50 years of civil, armed conflict and, through the introduction of the concept of paz territorial, proposed a novel approach towards peacebuilding that acknowledged the importance of land inequality and social exclusion, seeking to address both through initiatives for rural development. An implicit shift within this agreement, from market-led to community-led programmes, concurrent with an appreciation of community cohesion, alternative notions of territory, and "multidimensionality", were highlighted upon the peace agreement's finalisation as key diversions away from both 'top-down' development and liberal peacebuilding. The research will focus on two key areas: multidimensional inequality and natural resource exploitation, evaluating both from a decolonial and ecological perspective that incorporates contemporary debates in peacebuilding, development, and the epistemological exclusion of communities in the Global South. As a contribution to these debates, the project will establish and employ a decolonial and ecological Marxist theoretical framework, which will also allow it to both look beyond and critique traditional, quantitative measures of inequality and environmental sustainability. It will also allow the project to question whether paz territorial's central pledge to broaden and strengthen the socio-political inclusion of Colombia's rural and underrepresented communities has been reflected in a concurrent inclusion of alternative epistemologies, ontologies, and cosmologies, and the socio-environmental implications of this inclusion/omission.The fieldwork will be carried out in Antioquia, Colombia, with logistical and organisational support provided by REDIPAZ, a Colombian network of academics, researchers, and organisations. The fieldwork will investigate whether, since 2016, there has been any development or change in levels of multidimensional inequality and extractivism in the department, discerning whether this is evidence of a reversion to liberal peacebuilding conventions. Concurrently, it will employ an innovative and introspective methodology that will simultaneously question epistemological processes of data collection through the development, collection, and comparison of two separate data sets:1. Governmental statistics on multidimensional inequality and extractivism since 2016, gathered from sources such as the Incidencia de la Pobreza Multidimensional, the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) and the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI).2. A questionnaire carried out on a representative sample across Antioquia, developed through concepts of socio-environmental inequality that will be first explored in and informed by unstructured interviews and focus groups with communities that have typically been excluded from, or underrepresented in, Colombian society, such as Afro-descendants and indigenous people.As the peace agreement was signed in 2016, there has been limited research on its socio-environmental consequences. This project will therefore contribute to a developing academic literature, whilst also contributing to ongoing efforts to decolonise peacebuilding, ecological Marxism, and research methodologies. Furthermore, the project's foci will feed into urgent global conversations about structural inequality, sustainable development, and climate change mitigation.