Enduring Punishment: A comparative study of post-sentence discrimination in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and Western Australia

该项目旨在探讨人们在判刑后歧视方面的经验和意见；司法管辖区的刑事记录制度；选定国家是否存在法律恢复以及法律恢复的形式；以及司法管辖区在规定和经验方面的比较情况。判刑后的歧视涉及有犯罪记录的人所经历的污名化、限制和限制。这种歧视发生在他们完成对所犯罪行的司法判决之后。歧视在法律上可以是正式的，也可以是法律上的，涉及对个人的法律限制，如剥夺公民权、减少社会保障福利，以及限制人们可以进入的就业形式。歧视也可以是非正式的、法律上的或实践中的。这种歧视还会进一步影响家庭和社区，如骚扰、污名化和家庭回避。选定的研究地点是爱尔兰共和国、北爱尔兰和西澳大利亚。选择这些地点是因为一些相似的特点，如语言、立法程序和法院系统。此外，有证据表明，土著少数群体在刑事司法系统中的代表性过高，这将是主要焦点。在认识到这一点时，将在理论和方法上考虑南方犯罪学的原则。这项比较研究将涉及对次级文件的分析，例如关于减轻歧视和犯罪记录制度的立法。它还将包括对有犯罪记录的人、刑事司法系统利益攸关方，如缓刑监督员和政策制定者以及学者进行定性、半结构化的访谈。访谈将被转录，并使用Braun和Clarke(2012)的六个步骤进行主题分析，该过程包括探索调查结果、生成代码、定位主题、审查主题、定义主题和撰写研究报告。

This project aims to explore people's experiences and opinions of post-sentence discrimination; jurisdictions' criminal record regimes; if and what forms of legal rehabilitation are present in the selected countries; and how the jurisdictions compare in provision and experiences. Post-sentence discrimination involves the stigmatisation, limitations, and restrictions people with criminal records experience. This discrimination occurs after they have completed their judicial sentence passed for the offence committed. Discrimination can be formal, or de jure, in law, and involve legal restrictions on the individual, such as disenfranchisement, a reduction in social security benefits, and restrictions in what forms of employment people can enter. Discrimination can also be informal, de jure, or in practice. This discrimination can further impact families and communities too, such as harassment, stigmatisation, and family shunning. The research sites selected are Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and Western Australia. These sites have been chosen because of some similar characteristics, such as language, legislation processes, and court systems. Further, there is evidence of issues of over-representation of indigenous minorities within the criminal justice systems, which will be key foci. In being aware of this, principles of Southern Criminology will be drawn upon in theoretical and methodological considerations. This comparative study will involve analysis of secondary documents, such as legislation concerning discrimination mitigation and criminal record regimes. It will also involve qualitative, semi-structured interviews with people with criminal records, criminal justice system stakeholders, such as probation officers and policymakers, and academics. Interviews will be transcribed and thematically analysed using Braun and Clarke's (2012) six step process of exploring the findings, generating codes, locating themes, reviewing themes, defining themes, and writing up the study.