Alcohol Abuse Prevention: Overcoming Three Barriers

描述（由申请人提供）：三个关键障碍被确定为成功的障碍在社会规范运动反对大学校园过度饮酒：(1)试图纠正误解别人喝多少（即描述性规范）可能被证明是无效的，特别是在高风险的学生谁准确地认为过度饮酒是常态；(2)这些活动传达的规范在这些行为通常发生的环境中可能并不突出；(3)一些学生，特别是高危学生，不太可能感到有必要使他们的行为符合他们不高度认同的参考群体的规范，例如这些活动中最常用的那些（例如，“典型”学生）。本文提出了两个纵向随机实验，以测试基于三种潜在解决这些障碍的干预策略的影响：(1)纠正学生对大多数其他人赞成或不赞成的内容（即禁令规范）的误解；(2)在饮酒行为通常发生的情境中可能出现的信息中提供检索线索；(3)不受欢迎的外群体的过度饮酒规范与“典型”学生的健康饮酒规范相结合。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Three key impediments are identified as barriers to success in social norms campaigns against excessive alcohol use on college campuses: (1) attempting to correct misperceptions about how much others drink (i.e. descriptive norm) may prove ineffective, particularly among high-risk students who accurately perceive excessive alcohol use as the norm; (2) norms conveyed by these campaigns may not be salient in settings in which these behaviors typically occur; and (3) some students, particularly high-risk students, are not likely to feel compelled to conform their behaviors to the norms of a reference group with which they do not highly identify, such as those most commonly used in these campaigns (e.g., the 'typical" student). Two longitudinal, randomized experiments are proposed to test the impact of intervention strategies based on three potential solutions to these barriers: (1) correcting students' misperceptions of what most others approve or disapprove (i.e., injunctive norm); (2) featuring retrieval cues in the messages that are likely to be present in the situations in which the drinking behavior typically occurs; and (3) featuring the excessive drinking norms of an undesirable outgroup along with the healthier drinking norms of the "typical" student.