IMPLICATIONS OF CORTICAL PLASTICITY FOR REHABILITATION

大脑损伤，如中风后发生的，通常会导致 功能性行为缺陷或残疾。赤字的规模 或残疾既由梗塞的组织丢失决定，也由 可以发生的重组或“可塑性”的数量 重组的脑组织。拟议研究的总体目标是 这个PPG是开发一个知识体系，将识别神经 适用于康复干预的机制减少或将 改善受伤后的运动缺陷或残疾。该计划 该项目有四个科学项目和一个核心。这些项目带来了 有助于理解所涉及的神经元事件的免费工具 在人类对非人类灵长类动物大脑的康复过程中。一个 这种方法的优点是它允许应用组合 以一种协调的方式研究皮质 重组和功能康复。经颅磁 在项目1中提出了刺激(TMS)研究，以使我们能够 绘制重组的大脑区域的功能图，并评估 任何皮质重组的功能意义与 肢体运动。项目2允许获得精细的空间分辨率 项目1中通过以下方式测量的生理皮质影响图 TMS。项目3将使我们能够了解重组过程 单一单元层面的分析。这利用了许多神经元的记录 猕猴的手术程序，由于它们与人类和 因为在运动性能上的相似性。脑梗塞的类型是 诱导出的基因与项目1中人类群体中的基因完全相同 &2，并使用许多相同的行为衡量标准。单机录音 然后可以将数据与在项目中获得的功能磁共振和经颅多普勒超声数据进行比较 1和2.在项目4中，我们将使用相同的录制技术和 与项目3相同的行为测量，但将评估大脑的影响 通过对相同皮质区域进行直接焦点消融造成的损害 参与了项目3中确定的中风。因此，项目4将有所帮助 我们要找出大脑中负责 项目3中中风后的功能缺陷。此外，项目 4将确定哪些地区对受益最关键 从这类损伤中恢复后的重组过程。

Injury to the brain, such as occurs following stroke, often results in a functional behavioral deficit or disability. The magnitude of the deficit or disability is determined both by tissue loss to the infarct as well as the amount of reorganization or "plasticity" that can take place in the reorganized brain tissue. The overall goal of the proposed research in this PPG is to develop a body of knowledge that will identify neural mechanisms amenable to rehabilitative intervention reduce or that would ameliorate motor deficits or disabilities following injury. The program project has four scientific projects and one core. The projects bring complimentary tools to bear on understanding the neuronal events involved in the rehabilitative process in human to non-human primate brain. A strength of this approach is that it allows application of a combination of techniques in a coordinated fashion to investigate cortical reorganization and functional rehabilitation. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies are proposed in Project 1 to allow us to functionally map reorganized regions of the brain and assesses the functional significance of any cortical reorganization with respect to limb movement. Project 2 allows the acquisition of fine spatially resolved maps of physiological cortical consequence as measured in Project 1 by TMS. Project 3 will allow us to understand the reorganizational process at the single unit level of analysis. This utilizes the many neuron recording procedures in macaque monkeys, due to their close relation to humans and because of similarity in motor performance. The types of infarcts to be induced are identical to those seen in the human population in projects 1 & 2, and use many of the same behavioral measures. Single unit recording data can then be compared with the fMRI and TMS data obtained in projects 1 & 2. In project 4 we will utilize the same recording techniques and behavioral measures as in project 3 but will assess the effects of brain damage by making direct focal ablations of the same cortical regions involved in stroke as determined in Project 3. Thus, project 4 will help us to identify the specific regions of the brain responsible for the functional deficits following strokes in Project 3. In addition, project 4 will determine which regions are most crucial in the beneficial reorganizational process following recovery from such lesions.