"A Dance Between the Visible the Invisible": Fragments of (forced) Migration in Comics from Italy and the Mediterranean

该项目专注于讲述地中海（被迫）移民经历的漫画，研究漫画形式和美学中蕴含的政治潜力。作为一种文化边缘化的媒介，该研究将漫画视为“次要叙事”（德勒兹和瓜塔里，1986年），并断言这种媒介的文化污名化对于其政治潜力和被边缘化社区采用都是至关重要的。在考虑漫画的政治启示时，谁的故事被讲述，谁的声音被听到，以及个人能动性如何得到重申是关键问题。该项目将文学理论、形式主义漫画学术、移民和全球化研究结合在一起，特别关注意大利和地中海地区，旨在关注2000年至2020年期间意大利（被迫）移民经历的各种漫画语料库。本研究分析了漫画挑战将移民经历普遍化的主流叙事的潜力，并考察了这种媒介的形式和美学潜力，以模糊个人和集体叙事形式之间的界限。漫画被理解为将移民重申为流动的（Burns 2018）、政治的（Sigona 2014）和体验的主题（Eastmond 2007）。本研究采用比较的方法，从三个不同的角度（自传、报告文学、自传体小说）进行研究，首先调查了从外部描述移民的新闻漫画，如马尔科·里佐（marco Rizzo）和莱里奥·博纳科索（Lelio Bonaccorso）的纪实漫画《Salvezza》（2018）。其次，该研究调查了意大利漫画艺术家对移民的虚构描述，但通过移民个人的视角进行叙述，例如塞尔吉奥·纳扎罗和卢卡·费拉拉的《地中海》（2018）。第三，该项目着眼于移民直接表达其经历的自传体漫画和合写漫画，例如意大利-突尼斯漫画家Takoua Ben Mohamed的自传体漫画《La rivoluzione dei gelsomini》（2018年）和合作漫画《Etenesh》（2015年），这是一名埃塞俄比亚妇女前往兰佩杜萨岛的真实故事。

Focusing on comics narrating the experience of (forced) migration in the Mediterranean, the projectinvestigates the political potential embedded in comics' form and aesthetics. As a culturally marginalizedmedium, the research studies comics as "minor narratives" (Deleuze and Guattari 1986) and asserts thatthe medium's cultural stigmatization is essential both for its political potential and for its adoption bymarginalized communities. Whose stories are told, whose voices are heard, and how individual agency isreaffirmed are pivotal questions when considering the political affordances of comics. Drawing togetherliterary theory, formalist comics scholarship, migration and globalization studies, with a specific focus onItaly and the Mediterranean area, the project aims attention at a variated corpus of comics narrating theexperience of (forced) migration produced in Italy between 2000-2020.The research analyses the potential of comics to challenge dominant narratives that universalizemigratory experience and examines the medium's formal and aesthetics potential to blur the boundariesbetween forms of individual and collective narration. Comics are understood to reaffirm migrants asmobile (Burns 2018), political (Sigona 2014), and experiencing subjects (Eastmond 2007). Followingthree different perspectives (autobiography, reportage, autofiction) in a comparative approach, theresearch first investigates graphic-journalist comics giving an external account of migration, such asMarco Rizzo and Lelio Bonaccorso's documentary comic "Salvezza" (2018). Second, the study inquiresfictional accounts of migration by Italian comic artists, yet narrated through the perspective of migrantindividuals, such as "Mediterraneo" (2018) by Sergio Nazzaro and Luca Ferrara. Third, the project looks atautobiographical and co-authored comics where migrants bear agency in directly voicing theirexperience, such as in the autobiographical comic "La rivoluzione dei gelsomini" (2018) by Italo-Tunisiancartoonist Takoua Ben Mohamed and collaborative comic "Etenesh" (2015), the true story of an Ethiopianwoman's voyage to Lampedusa.