Understanding hybrid future for smart destinations

近年来，关于智能旅游概念的文献越来越多，以及信息和通信技术(ICT)的影响使智能目的地与众不同的要素是什么，这正在不断塑造目的地管理的新情景(Buhalis和Amaranggana，2014；Gretzel等人，2015；Hunter等人，2015；Li，Hu，Huang and Duan，2017；依瓦斯-巴达尔等人，2019年)。然而，尽管已经开展了一些研究，重点是后COVID环境中的旅游、电子旅游和目的地管理(Gretzel等人，2020，Sigala 2020)，但仍然缺乏关于智能目的地在不同封锁阶段实施哪些战略来应对流行病以及它们是如何改变的适当研究。具体地说，尽管智能目的地比其他目的地更先进(Boes，Buhalis和Inversini，2015)，但这种情况要求我们跳出框框，以一种模糊线上和线下的方式提供新的解决方案，使目的地具有应对未来大流行等危机的弹性。此外，关于旅游业的混合解决方案以及游客如何在后COVID环境中可能与目的地和数字解决方案接触的讨论很少。因此，在后COVID时代，扩展和重新定义智能目的地的必要性是显而易见的。

In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of literature on the concept of smart tourism and what are the elements that distinguished a smart destination as a result of the impact of information and communication technologies (ICTs), which is constantly shaping a new scenario for destination management (Buhalis and Amaranggana, 2014; Gretzel et al., 2015; Hunter et al., 2015; Li, Hu, Huang and Duan, 2017; Ivars-Baidal et al., 2019). However, while some research has been carried out focusing on tourism, e-tourism, and destination management in the post-COVID environment (Gretzel et al., 2020, Sigala 2020) a proper piece of research of what strategies smart destinations implemented during the different lockdown phases to respond to the pandemic and how they are changed is still lacking. In detail, although smart destinations are more advanced compared to others (Boes, Buhalis and Inversini, 2015), the situation requires to think outside the box and offer new solutions in a way that blurry online and offline to make destinations resilient to deal with crisis like the pandemic in the future. Moreover, there has been little discussion about hybrid solutions in the tourism industry and how visitors can possibly engage with the destination and digital solutions in a post-COVID environment. Therefore, it is evident the necessity to extend and reconceptualise smart destination in a post-COVID world.