Single cell PCR microarray study of alternative splicing

描述（由申请人提供）：我们对复杂神经系统中单个神经元如何彼此分化的一般问题感兴趣。许多细胞表面分子已经在不同物种中被描述，它们都有一个有趣的特性，即有许多可能的形式是由单个基因组成的，这表明来自单个基因的这种多样性可能是一种通用机制，允许不同的神经元彼此不同。我们正专注于果蝇DSCAM基因，该基因编码一种细胞粘附分子，对轴突引导至关重要。值得注意的是，38,016种可能的备选剪接变体允许DSCAM蛋白的免疫球蛋白样结构域具有非凡的多样性。在这项拨款申请中，我们已经开始解决并打算详细解决的一个关键问题是，这种显著的多样性潜力如何被不同的神经元类型，以及特定类型的不同个体神经元所利用。我们开发了一种敏感的单细胞RT-PCR方法，它利用了我们创建的定制微阵列。我们的初步研究使我们估计每个神经元表达50种或更多不同的mrna，这些mrna是从数千种不同细胞类型的剪接变体中选择出来的。这可以允许每个细胞的DSCAM曲目与其邻居的不同。这些初步结果是令人兴奋的，因为它们表明我们可以分析小细胞群和单个神经元，因为它们已经让我们了解了DSCAM多样性区分给定类型的单个神经元的方式。根据这些结果，我们将：

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We are interested in the general question of how individual neurons in a complex nervous system are differentiated from one another. A number of cell surface molecules have been described in various species which share the interesting property of having many possible forms made from a single gene, indicating that such diversity from a single gene could be a general mechanism allowing different neurons to be different from one another. We are focusing on the Drosophila DSCAM gene, which encodes a cell adhesion molecule that is essential for axon guidance. Remarkably, 38,016 possible alternative splice variants allow extraordinary diversity in the immunoglobulin-like domains of the DSCAM protein. A key question that we have begun to address and propose to address in detail in this grant application is how this remarkable potential for diversity is used by different neuron types, and indeed by different individual neurons of a given type. We have developed a sensitive single cell RT-PCR approach, which takes advantage of a custom made microarray that we created. Our preliminary studies lead us to estimate that each neuron expresses 50 or more distinct mRNAs chosen from a spectrum of thousands of splice variants distinctive of its cell type. This can allow every cell's DSCAM repertoire to be different from those of its neighbors. These preliminary results are exciting because they show that we can analyze small cell populations and individual neurons, and because they already have given us insights into the way that DSCAM diversity differentiates single neurons of a given type. Following on these results, we will: -Critically evaluate and extend our preliminary analyses of Drosophila neurons -analyze DSCAM splicing in specific populations of Drosophila neurons including single cell analyses -study the role of splicing factors in vitro using RNAi and study an interesting learning mutant -explore alternative splicing at the single cell level in mammalian neurons by studying neurexins.