Exploring Humanist Networks of Knowledge and Reading in Queens' College Old Library,

该项目由AHRC开放牛津-剑桥博士培训伙伴关系资助，将与牛津大学合作，探索剑桥女王学院旧图书馆的人文主义学习网络。我的目标是阐明更广泛的、横跨大陆的印刷出版商网络，他们为16世纪的老图书馆和皇后区的同伴们提供书籍。学院最重要的都铎式英语书籍收藏家是托马斯·史密斯（thomas Smith, 1513-1577），他试图殖民爱尔兰的努力失败与他“积极阅读”经典文本有关。这个词是由丽莎·贾丁和安东尼·格拉夫顿（1990）创造的，他们的工作现在由伦敦大学学院的生活与信件编辑中心（CELL）继续。他们的方法包括对人文主义阅读和书籍注释的深入研究，将被用作克莱尔·萨金特（Clare Sargent, 2001）提出的更广泛的“考古”方法的一部分，特别是考虑到皇后区的旧图书馆。将书籍视为图书馆“场地”内的人工制品，需要仔细研究它们的物理特征，包括装订——这些书以前被锁在讲台上——以及铭文和注释。对这些书的研究将与一份最近完成的图书馆目录、两份来自图书馆的16世纪图书清单和皇后区捐赠者名册一起进行。我将展示哪些书是为16世纪的图书馆收集和购买的，从剑桥的“文具商”以及从国外的“文具商”那里，以及图书馆的收藏是如何在欧洲大陆人文主义及其图书贸易的更广泛背景下发展的。这个项目提出的研究问题将包括：托马斯·史密斯为什么以及如何使用和注释他的书？我们能否更广泛地利用16世纪女王书籍的所有权标志来构建和探索从剑桥大学传播到欧洲的知识网络？我们如何利用印刷书籍和手稿档案来重建16世纪企业图书馆的实践和知识生活？我们如何运用对特定企业图书馆及其在特定时期的动态的研究来提出和回答关于早期英国人文主义的更广泛的史学问题？皇后区的旧图书馆仍然是一个未被充分研究的资源；这些书的大部分注释和题词尚未翻译。托马斯·史密斯的生活和研究中更广泛的元素仍未得到充分研究，比如他对钱币学的兴趣：安德鲁·伯内特、理查德·辛普森和德博拉·索普（2017）揭示了史密斯关于罗马铸币的“几乎不为人知”、显然未发表的作品，这表明“剑桥圈”除了收藏书籍之外，还有更广泛的学术活动。史密斯在爱尔兰的活动将与菲利普•西德尼爵士更为人所知的职业生涯进行有益的比较，后者的父亲亨利•西德尼是爱尔兰总督。史密斯对经典文本的使用将进一步说明人文主义的阅读实践，在西德尼和他的秘书加布里埃尔·哈维（剑桥圈的另一名成员）对李维的阅读中，贾丁和格拉夫顿已经描述了这一点。事实上，史密斯在埃塞克斯郡的希尔大厅为李维的文本建立了自己的阅读小组，大概也是考虑到爱尔兰的情况。史密斯向女王图书馆（Queens’Library）遗赠的大约80本书，可以说是英国现存的16世纪最重要的人文主义聚会之一，为研究英国乃至整个欧洲大陆更广泛的人文主义学习网络提供了一个未被充分研究但高度相互关联的资源。为了回答上述问题，我将把某一特定公司图书馆的藏书放在一个更广泛的知识背景中：研究和交易来自欧洲大陆的人文主义文本，并将其应用于都铎王朝英语学习和政治。

This project, which is funded by the AHRC Open-Oxford-Cambridge Doctoral TrainingPartnership, will explore networks of humanist learning at Queens' College Old Library,Cambridge, in collaboration with the University of Oxford. I will aim to illuminate the wider,continental network of printer-publishers that furnished the sixteenth-century Old Library andQueens' Fellows with their books. The College's most significant Tudor English book collector wasThomas Smith (1513-1577), whose failed attempts to colonise Ireland can be linked to his "activereading" of classical texts. This term was coined by Lisa Jardine and Anthony Grafton (1990),whose work is now continued by the Centre for Editing Lives and Letters (CELL) at UCL. Theirmethodology, which involves the close study of humanist reading and annotations in books, willbe used as part of a wider "archaeological" methodology suggested by Clare Sargent (2001)specifically with Queens' Old Library in mind. Treating books as artefacts within the "site" of theLibrary will require close study of their physical characteristics, including bindings - the booksbeing formerly chained to the lecterns - along with inscriptions and annotations. The study of thebooks will be carried out in conjunction with a recently completed catalogue of the Library, twosixteenth-century book lists from the Library and the Queens' Donors' Roll. I will show whichbooks were collected and purchased for the sixteenth-century Library, from the "stationers" ofCambridge' as well as from abroad, and how the Library's collections developed within thebroader context of continental humanism and its trade in books.Research questions posed by this project will include: Why and how did Thomas Smith use andannotate his books? Can we use signs of ownership in Queens' books of the sixteenth centurymore generally to construct and explore intellectual networks spreading from Cambridge acrossEurope? How can we use both printed books and manuscript archives to reconstruct the practicaland intellectual life of a sixteenth-century corporate library? How can we apply the study of aspecific corporate library and its dynamics over a given period to pose and answer the widerhistoriographical questions about early English humanism?Queens' Old Library remains an understudied resource; the majority of the books' annotationsand inscriptions are yet to be translated. Broader elements of Thomas Smith's life and studiesremain understudied, such as his interest in numismatics: Andrew Burnett, Richard Simpson andDeborah Thorpe (2017) have revealed a "virtually unknown" and apparently unpublished work bySmith on Roman coinage, which indicates the wider scholarly activities of the "Cambridge Circle"beyond its book collecting. Smith's activities in Ireland will form a useful comparison to the betterknowncareer of Sir Philip Sidney, whose father Henry was governor of Ireland. Smith's use ofclassical texts will further illustrate humanist reading practices, already described by Jardine andGrafton in the readings of Livy undertaken by Sidney and his secretary Gabriel Harvey, anothermember of the Cambridge circle. Indeed, Smith developed his own reading group for Livy's textsat Hill Hall in Essex, presumably also undertaken with Ireland in mind. Smith's bequest of someeighty books to Queens' Library, arguably one of the most important sixteenth-century humanistgatherings extant in England, provides an understudied and highly interconnected resource forthe study of the broader networks of humanist learning in England and throughout the continent. Iwill aim to answer the questions above by placing the book collection of a specific corporatelibrary within a much wider intellectual context: the study of, and trade in, humanist texts from thecontinent with a view to their practical application in Tudor English learning and politics.