Ocean circulations and exoplanet climates (

自从1995年发现第一颗巨大的系外行星以来，太阳系外行星的科学已经成熟，一直以来都在发现潜在的宜居类地行星。海洋对行星气候的影响占主导地位，因此了解它们的影响是建立类地系外行星模型的必要组成部分，以便了解未来的观测情况。海洋巨大的热容量导致它们的表面温度对恒星加热的变化反应迟缓。此外，海洋环流可以将大量热能从接收恒星辐射较多的温暖地区输送到接收较少恒星辐射的寒冷地区。对行星气候进行自我一致的模拟需要使用耦合的大气-海洋全球环流模型，因为海洋和大气通过热量、动量和淡水的通量进行显著相互作用。虽然已经对行星的潜在大气范围进行了一些研究，但迄今为止在量化潮汐或配置大陆边界等基本海洋属性的作用方面开展的工作很少。在地球上，潮汐是混合的主要驱动力，迫使大规模颠覆环流和相关的海洋热量输送。然而，就潮汐而言，地球并不一定是一个典型的行星。如果潜在的宜居行星有海洋，那么海洋的性质和行为就不能被假设为与地球相似。本博士学位的目的是利用一个耦合的大气-海洋全球环流模型来研究基本海洋性质对行星气候的影响。你将研究潮汐混合和大陆边界对三种类型的宜居带轨道(G星、双星和M星)气候的影响，以确定海洋特性如何影响行星气候和影响对未来观测的解释。你将加入UEA在气象学、海洋学和气候学方面的活跃研究小组。

The science of extrasolar planets has matured since the first giant exoplanets were discovered in 1995, with potentially habitable terrestrial planets being discovered all the time. Oceans have a dominant impact on planetary climate, so understanding their effects are a necessary part of modelling terrestrial exoplanets in order to understand future observations. The immense heat capacity of oceans causes their surface temperature to respond slowly to changes in stellar heating. Furthermore, the oceanic circulation can transport huge amounts of heat energy from warm regions that receive more stellar radiation to cold regions that receive less.Self-consistent modelling of planetary climates requires the use of coupled atmosphere-ocean global circulation models, since oceans and atmospheres interact significantly through fluxes of heat, momentum and freshwater. While some research has been conducted on the range of potential atmospheres of planets, little has so far been conducted on quantifying the role of fundamental oceanic properties such as tides or the configuration continental boundaries. On Earth, tides are a major driver of mixing that forces the large-scale overturning circulation and associated oceanic heat transport. However, Earth is not necessarily a typical planet in terms of its tides. If potentially habitable planets have oceans, then ocean properties and behaviour cannot be assumed to be Earth-like.The aim of this PhD is to investigate the effects of fundamental oceanic properties on planetary climate using a coupled atmosphere-ocean global circulation model. You will examine the effects of tidal mixing and continental boundaries on the climates of three types of habitable zone orbits (G-star, binary and M-star) to determine how the ocean properties can impact planetary climate and affect the interpretation of future observations. You will join an active research group at UEA in meteorology, oceanography and climate.