Hallowed objects and the boundaries of magic in Scotland circa AD 1400-1700

该项目的重点是审查考古发掘报告，流浪发现和博物馆收藏品。其目的是评估通过物质文化和增强我们对中世纪晚期和现代早期苏格兰社会宗教文化这一要素的理解来确定神奇信仰和实践的证据的潜力。研究问题：（1）在苏格兰中世纪晚期和现代早期的考古记录中，魔法在多大程度上可以被识别，人工制品与当代文本来源相比如何？(2)关于新教改革对魔法和灵性的影响，现存的物质文化揭示了什么？(3)这种影响是否因地区而异？日期范围约为公元1400 - 1700年。证据选择标准将形成从目前的考古学理论对信仰的物质性，目前在苏格兰，英国和西欧进行的研究，以及当代的书面记录，可以阐明的概念（和态度）魔术。该项目的基础是，许多挖掘报告在档案中枯萎，具有未开发的潜力，可以与不同学科合作，使发现的物质文化更广泛地为人们所知。这些报告包含的数据可以进一步用于改善我们目前对苏格兰宗教和政治格局分水岭时期社会历史的理解。Moreso，魔法整体在中世纪后期和物质证据的魔法在现代早期经常被忽视相比，17世纪女巫审判和他们的记录。到目前为止，对书面资料的调查远远超过了对材料记录的调查，欢迎有机会采用一种更加考古平衡的方法和途径。

The project focuses on reviewing archaeological excavation reports, stray finds, and museum collections. The aim is to assess the potential for identifying evidence of magical beliefs and practices through material culture and enhancing our understanding of this element of socio-religious culture in late medieval and early modern Scotland. Research questions: (1) To what extent can magic be identified in the Scottish late medieval and early modern archaeological record, and how do artefacts compare with contemporary textual sources? (2) What does surviving material culture reveal about the impact of the Protestant Reformation on interactions with magic and spirituality? (3) Does this impact vary regionally? The date range is circa 1400 - 1700 AD. Evidence selection criteria will be formed from engagement with current archaeological theory on materiality of belief, current research carried out in Scotland, Britain and Western Europe, and contemporary written records that can shed light on concepts of (and attitudes towards) magic. This project is carried out on the basis that numerous excavation reports languish in archives with untapped potential to engage with different disciplines and make found material culture more widely known. These reports contain data that can be further used to improve our current understanding of the social history of Scotland during a watershed period in its religious and political landscape. Moreso, magic overall in the late medieval period and material evidence of magic in the early modern period is frequently neglected in comparison to the 17th century witch trials and their records. Written sources overall have up until this point been investigated far more than the material record, welcoming the opportunity for a more archaeologically balanced method and approach.