Visual processing in schizophrenia and SPD

描述（由申请人提供）：这是竞争性续展申请的重新提交。脑区域间协调性的丧失或断开可能导致精神分裂症患者的认知缺陷。这种整合的丧失被归因于普遍存在的神经同步缺陷，这可能对神经系统内的时间处理和感知整合至关重要。本项目将使用行为和电生理（EEG）方法评估精神分裂症患者和分裂型人格障碍（SPD）参与者的神经同步、时间加工和认知整合。信号功率、噪声和相位关系将在瞬态和稳态事件相关电位（erp）中进行分析。心理物理测量将用于捕捉可能与神经同步相关的感知和认知参数，包括运动阈值、计算效率、内部噪声和工作记忆操作。我们假设精神分裂症患者会表现出EEG功率降低、相同步较差、EEG反应噪声较高，而SPD受试者会表现出感觉过度激活和注意缺陷的电生理证据。在行为任务上，精神分裂症患者和SPD受试者都表现出更严重的缺陷，对时间和特征整合的需求增加，时间分辨率更精确，记忆负荷更大。与非家族性SPD受试者相比，家族性SPD受试者表现出更严重的智力障碍和社会适应不良。这些发现可能确定SZ和SPD共同的神经行为缺陷，以及区分这些疾病的特征。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is a resubmission of a competitive renewal application. A loss of coordination, or disconnection, among brain regions may contribute to the cognitive deficits observed in schizophrenia. This loss of integration has been attributed to a pervasive deficit in neural synchronization, which may be critical for temporal processing and perceptual integration within the nervous system. This project will use behavioral and electrophysiological (EEG) methods to evaluate neural synchronization, temporal processing, and cognitive integration in patients with schizophrenia and in participants with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). Signal power, noise, and phase relationships will be analyzed in transient and steady state event-related potentials (ERPs). Psychophysical measures will be used to capture perceptual and cognitive parameters which may be associated with neural synchrony, including motion thresholds, calculation efficiency, internal noise, and working memory operations. We hypothesize that patients with schizophrenia will show reduced EEG power, poorer phase synchronization, and higher noise in EEG responses, while SPD subjects will show electrophysiological evidence of sensory hyperactivation and attention deficit. On behavioral tasks, both schizophrenic patients and SPD subjects will show more severe deficits with increased demands for temporal and feature integration, more precise temporal resolution, and greater memory load. Familial SPD subjects will show more severe intellectual impairment and social maladjustment compared to non-familial SPD subjects. These findings may identify neurobehavioral deficits common to SZ and SPD, as well as features which differentiate these disorders.