Validity of DSM-IV ADHD in African Americans

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究项目的总体目标是在非裔美国人（AA）样本中测试DSM-IV ADHD的内部和外部效度的种族差异。为了检验DSM-IV ADHD内部效度的种族差异，本研究将检验非洲裔美国人（AA）和高加索裔美国人（CA）两个社区样本的症状维度和DSM-IV亚型，每个群体内按种族和性别划分。为了检验DSM-IV ADHD外部效度的种族差异，本研究将检查ADHD的重要临床相关因素，即功能障碍、学业成绩和与其他精神疾病的合并症，是否因种族或性别而异。此外，本研究还将研究ADHD儿童的神经心理特征是否存在种族或性别差异。我们将比较各组和组内性别参与者在行为抑制、持续注意和警惕性、工作记忆、处理速度、延迟厌恶和情感决策方面的表现，以确定在AA样本和CA样本中是否存在相同比例的相同缺陷。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of the proposed research project is to test for ethnic differences in the internal and external validity of DSM-IV ADHD in an African American (AA) sample. In order to test for ethnic differences in the internal validity of DSM-IV ADHD, this study will examine symptom dimensions and DSM-IV subtypes in two community samples of African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) subjects, divided by ethnic group and gender within each group. In order to test for ethnic differences in the external validity of DSM-IV ADHD, the current study will examine whether important clinical correlates of ADHD, namely functional impairment, academic achievement, and comorbidities with other psychiatric disorders, vary by ethnic group or gender. In addition, this study will examine whether there are ethnic or gender group differences in the neuropsychological profiles of children with ADHD. We will compare the performance of participants by group and by gender within group on measures of behavioral inhibition, sustained attention and vigilance, working memory, processing speed, delay aversion, and affective decision making to determine whether the same deficits exist, in the same proportions, in an AA sample as in a CA sample.