Investigation into the characteristics of crystal dissolution and growth through surface chemistry and mass transfer in the boundary layer

药物的性能取决于活性药物成分的生物利用度。在许多口服药物的情况下，这受其溶出特性的影响。事实上，溶出度通常在药物开发的整个过程中进行测试。目前大多数情况下采用的是Noyes-Whitney模型，该模型只考虑体积浓度和固液界面浓度的差异。这个模型对所涉及的浓度做了几个假设，但没有考虑到表面化学。因此，根据其材料特性对物质的溶解度做出更准确的预测，以加快药物开发过程将是有用的。例如，它可以帮助影响对剂量组成的决定。这将需要在基本水平上对溶解动力学有更好的理解。理想情况下，一种材料的溶解特性可以只用它的表面化学知识（包括它在不同表面之间的变化）以及它与溶剂分子的相互作用来确定。虽然这可能不完全可以实现，但仍然值得探索预测物质溶解行为的新方法。本研究的一个关键方面是更好地了解单晶的表面特定溶解速率，从而验证有关表面能相互作用的理论。为了实现这一目标，将有必要采用各种技术，如马赫-曾德和迈克尔逊干涉测量法，以及光学显微镜来观察晶体形态的任何变化。此外，还值得研究不同晶体结构（例如，扑热息痛的I型和II型）之间的溶解差异，以确定这可能如何影响药物制剂的总体功效。

The performance of a drug is dependent on the bioavailability of the API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient). In the case of many oral drugs, this is influenced by its dissolution characteristics. Indeed, dissolution is usually tested throughout a drug's development lifetime. Currently, the Noyes-Whitney model is used in most cases, which only considers the difference in the bulk concentration and the concentration at the solid-liquid interface. This model makes several assumptions about the concentrations involved and fails to consider the surface chemistry. It would therefore be useful to make more accurate predictions about a substance's solubility based on its material characteristics to expedite the drug development process. For instance, it may help influence decisions on the dosage composition. This will require gaining a better understanding of the kinetics of dissolution on a fundamental level.Ideally, a material's dissolution characteristics would be determinable using only knowledge of its surface chemistry (including how this varies between different faces) and how its interaction with the solvent molecules. Though this may not be entirely achievable, it is still worth exploring new ways of predicting a substance's dissolution behavior.A key aspect in this research is gaining a better understanding of the face specific dissolution rates of single crystals, so that theories regarding surface energy interactions can be validated. To achieve this, it will be necessary to employ various techniques, such as Mach-Zehnder and Michelson interferometry, as well as optical microscopy to observe any changes in the crystal morphology. Additionally, it is also worth looking at differences in dissolution between different crystal structures (e.g., form I and II of Paracetamol), to determine how this may influence the overall efficacy of drug formulations.