Doctoral Research Project Title

尽管快速扩张，是化学中关键合成转化的最有前途的方法之一，但由于依赖昂贵的贵金属基催化剂，催化剂寿命短和催化剂载量高，因此阻碍了催化剂的发展。对Ru（II）和Ir（III）催化剂的显著依赖导致经济和环境挑战，因为两者都是昂贵的贵金属。(1)对催化剂分解的有限理解和不能防止催化剂分解意味着催化剂寿命差，导致催化剂负载高。(1)为了克服这些挑战，最初的方法将研究经济上更可持续的铜基光催化系统与潜在的整合配体，如新的N-杂环卡宾（NHC）。Cu（NHC）配合物易于合成，实施简单、廉价和灵活的工艺，例如电化学技术，从而允许容易地优化其稳定性和性能。(2)这些将在与药物相关的测试光化学反应（例如Minisci反应，杂原子芳基化）中进行充分表征和部署。开发可扩展的过程是光化学转化的重要考虑因素，因此在连续流过程中运行反应对于成功转移到工业环境至关重要。一旦建立了综合方法，该项目将研究在实验室为基础的流动系统中的部署。

Despite rapid expansion and being one of the most promising methods for key synthetic transformations in chemistry, photocatalysis is hindered by the reliance on expensive precious metal-based catalysts, poor catalytic lifetimes and high catalyst loadings. A significant dependence on Ru(II) and Ir(III) catalysts, causes economic and environmental challenges, as both are expensive, precious metals. (1) A limited understanding of, and inability to prevent, catalyst decomposition means poor catalytic lifetimes leading to high catalyst loadings. (1) To overcome these challenges the initial approach will investigate economically more sustainable Cu based photocatalytic systems with the potential integration of ligands such as novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC). Cu(NHC) complexes are easily synthesised implementing simple, cheap and flexible processes such as electrochemical techniques, allowing for ready optimisation of their stability and performance. (2) These will be fully characterised and deployed in test photochemical reactions of pharmaceutical relevance (e.g. Minisci reactions, heteroatom arylation). Developing a scalable process is an important consideration for photochemical transformations, so running the reactions in a continuous flow process will be vital for successful transfer to an industry setting. Once synthetic methodology is established the project will investigate deployment in lab-based flow systems.