Movie Influence on Adolesent Smoking: A Follow-up Study

背景：在之前的一项前瞻性研究中，我们发现，即使在调整了其他社会影响、儿童和父母特征之后，在10至14岁的青少年中，观看电影中的吸烟内容也能强烈预测吸烟的开始。我们现在建议继续跟踪这批青少年。目的：本研究的主要目的是评估电影中吸烟对成为既定吸烟者的风险的影响，评估年龄对电影中吸烟暴露与吸烟开始之间关系的影响，并确定可能改变电影中吸烟暴露与青少年吸烟行为之间关系的儿童和父母因素。为了实现这些目标，我们建议对2603名参加我们之前前瞻性研究的青少年进行为期三年的纵向电话调查。这些青少年现在是15至19岁。参与者将每年接受一次调查，以更新他们的吸烟状况、电影曝光率和其他吸烟风险因素。与我们之前的研究一样，调查将使用CATI系统进行管理，每个单独的调查将包含一个独特的电影子集，这些电影是从票房和视频租赁的较大样本中随机选择的。调查结果将与电影中吸烟的内容分析信息联系起来，以估计个人对电影中吸烟的暴露程度。意义：这些青少年现在处于吸烟风险最高的年龄。建议的随访是评估电影对青少年后期开始吸烟和建立吸烟的影响的最佳时机。我们之前对这一群体的研究产生了非常重要的发现，促进了州检察长和电影行业代表之间的对话。这项研究的结果将扩展我们早期的研究结果，阐明电影吸烟暴露对后期开始吸烟风险的影响，更重要的是，对发展为吸烟的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Background: In a previous prospective study, we found that viewing smoking in movies strongly predicted smoking initiation among adolescents 10 to 14 years of age, even after adjusting for other social influences, child and parenting characteristics. We now propose to continue following this cohort of adolescents. Aims: The primary aims of this study are to evaluate the effect of viewing smoking in movies on the risk of becoming an established smoker, evaluate the impact of age on the relationship between movie smoking exposure and smoking initiation, and identify child and parenting factors that may modify the association between exposure to movie smoking and adolescent smoking behavior Methods: To accomplish these aims, we propose a three-year longitudinal telephone survey of the 2603 adolescents who participated in our previous prospective study. These adolescents are now 15 to 19 years of age. Participants will be surveyed annually to update their smoking status, movie exposure, and other risk factors for smoking. As in our previous study, surveys will be administered using a CATI system and each individual survey will contain a unique subset of movies, randomly selected from a larger sample of top box office hits and video rentals. Survey responses will be linked with information from a content analysis of smoking in movies to estimate an individual's exposure to movie smoking. Significance: These adolescents are now at the age of highest risk for smoking uptake. The proposed follow-up is optimally timed to evaluate the influence of movies on smoking initiation in late adolescence and on established smoking. Our previous study of this cohort produced highly significant findings that catalyzed a dialogue between State Attorneys General and representatives from the motion picture industry. Results from the proposed study will extend our earlier findings by clarifying the influence of movie smoking exposure on risk of later age smoking initiation and, importantly, on progression to established smoking.